Aquatic science unit 4 test review:

Coastal Plain estuary (Chesapeake Bay)

A flat, low-lying land adjacent to a sea coast.

What shows energy flow in an estuary web?

A pyramid

Why are estuaries important?

Habitats, nurseries, filter pollutants.

Manatees are considered?

Primary consumers as they are herbivores.

What causes the high productivity of estuaries?

Producers are plentiful

What factors contribute to water quality in an estuary?

Temp, turbidity, amount of flora and fauna.

What is the average depth of the ocean?

12,000 ft

Bays, lagoons, sounds

All kinds of estuaries.

Which ocean is often called the Southern Ocean?

Antarctic

What is the shallowest ocean?

Arctic

What is the smallest ocean?

Arctic

Fjord estuary (glacier regions)

Are characterized by a deep elongated basin that is U-shaped and a ledge or barrier that separates the basin from the sea.

Tectonic estuary (San Diego)

Are created when the sea fills in the "hole" or basin that was formed by sinking land.

Bar-built estuary (Destin)

Are formed when sandbars build along the coastline.

What is an estuary?

Area where the river meets the ocean/brackish water.

What is the narrowest ocean?

Atlantic

What ocean has the largest mountain range?

Atlantic

What type of water will you find corals?

Can be found in shallow tropical waters along with deep cold waters.

What element do mangroves absorb huge amounts of from the atmosphere?

Carbon compounds

What category storm was hurricane Katrina?

Category 5

What is the name of the deep-sea submersible used in the movie "Deep Sea Challenge"?

Challenger Deep

What do primary consumers eat?

Plants or plankton

Ocean trenches are formed by what kind of boundary?

Convergent boundaries

Sea grasses remove suspended particles from the ocean and protect what kinds of ecosystems?

Coral reefs

What would cause a delta to be starved?

Dams - stops sediment

What are some local stressors for estuaries?

Dikes, dams, excessive nutrients, and over fishing.

Mid-Ocean Ridge is formed by what kind of boundary?

Divergent boundaries

What do you call the man made water control flood system, which is used to saturate and rebuild the marshes in the gulf coast?

Diversions

Mangrove destruction by humans is caused by?

Garbage dumps, dredging, and raw sewage.

What is tannin?

Give red mangroves their color.

What is the highest mountain in the world? (If the ocean were drained.)

Hawaii islands

Flow

High tide

How did hurricane Katrina cause such destruction to New Orleans?

Hit the coast with force, transportation and communication was cut off.

Forests can help in controlling?

Hurricane damage and global warming

How would a drought affect the salinity of estuary water?

Increase salt levels due to less runoff.

What ocean was the first to be explored?

Indian

What organization did Bob Ballard talk about?

NOAA - receives very little money compared to NASA.

What are some of the functions of a mangrove swamp?

Nursery, filter, slow erosion, remove nitrates and phosphates, and toxins.

What is the deepest ocean?

Pacific

What is the largest ocean?

Pacific

Which ocean has the Ring of Fire?

Pacific

How would the removal of plankton from an estuary effect the food web?

Really screw it up

How does the salinity of the water in an estuary change during tidal flooding?

Salinity will increase

How are deltas formed?

Sediments from erosion.

Geological Oceanographer

Studies the topography, structure, and geological processes of the ocean floor.

Biological Oceanographer

The study of how organisms affect and are impacted by the physics, chemistry, and geology of the oceanographic system.

Chemical Oceanographer

The study of ocean chemistry and the behavior of the chemical elements within the oceans.

Physical Oceanographer

The study of physical conditions and physical processes within the oceans.

Oceanographic Engineer

The study of the engineering of boats, ships, oil rigs and any other marine vessel or structure.

Marine Geologist

The study of the history and structure of the ocean floor.

Which organisms are at the top and bottom of the mangrove food web?

Top: monitor lizard Bottom: mangrove leaves

What are some of the environmental impacts provided by estuaries?

Toxic substances, nutrient pollution, pathogens, and invasive species.

Tidal ebbing

low tide

What causes flooding of estuary?

tides