ART 110 - Chapter 11

Why did some find the design of Maya Lin's "Vietnam Memorial" controversial?

- Objected to the unconventional, abstract element of the memorial - Took its lack of familiar images and symbols of sacrifice as a criticism of the war itself - Objected to its lack of ornamentation

If in the ancient world statues were often believed to have had an ambiguous, porous relationship to life, then which of the following can be said?

- Offer physical protection for the bodies of the dead - Reanimated through the intense devotion of the living - Stand in for the bodies of dead individuals in rituals and ceremonies

Who has Japanese sculptor Kaikei represented in this wooden sculpture?

- Shinto diety Hachiman - An individual with the outward appearance of a Buddhist monk - A patron and protector of warriors

Beginning in the 1960s, artists began to create works of impermanent sculptures to explore what ideas?

- Bringing art closer to people's everyday lives - Bringing people together in a new way - Avoiding sales and ownerships of an object

How do Gerda Steiner and Jorg Lenzlinger, in their piece "Falling Garden," transform the experience of visitors to a 17th century church?

- By having visitors lie on their backs and gaze upward - By covering the vast otherwise empty space with colorful objects - By stringing various objects on long strings from the ceiling of the church

Janine Antoni used which materials in her sculpture "Lick and Lather?"

- Chocolate - Soap

Which are methods used in carving?

- Cutting - Gouging - Chipping

Which statements describe "Reconstructed Icicles, Dumfriesshire, 1995" by Andy Goldsworthy?

- Ephemeral, lasting a few hours before being melted by the sun - Existence and disappearance was documented in photographs - Documented in photographs

Martin Puryear makes works that accomplishes what?

- Have viewers decide on the meanings - Celebrate form

Which aspects influenced the work of Martin Puryear?

- His work for the Peace Corps in Africa - His background making wood furniture - His studies in Sweden and Japan

What ideas is Janine Antoni exploring in her sculpture "Lick and Lather?"

- Ideas of desire - Ideas of beauty

Which aspects aspects of contrapposto?

- It is Italian for "counterpoise" or "counterbalance" - It is a pose that suggests the potential for movement in a standing figure - It places the figure's weight on one foot, which create a series of adjustments to the hips and shoulders that produce a subtle S-curve

Which descriptions apply to carving?

- It is more aggressive than modeling - It is a subtractive process - It is more direct than casting

Which statements best describe Liza Lou's installation "The Trailer?"

- It is space to be entered and experienced - Lou recreated the grim interior of a lonely hunters trailer and covered the entirety in small glass beads

Why did Tilman Riemenschneider carve his "Virgin and Child on the Crescent Moon" in limewood?

- Limewood is plentiful in the region where Riemenschneider worked - Limedwood is easy to carve

This portrait vessel made by the Moche people of South America would have been used for what purposes?

- Made with the individual features of the person being sculpted - Given as a gift to neighboring tribes - Placed as an object on remembrance on grave-sites

What is the most common sculptural material used for modeling?

Clay

Which materials have commonly been used to represent the human figure in sculpture?

- Terra cotta - Metal - Stone

What characteristics best describe synthetic resin as a sculptural material?

- The appearance of more traditional sculptural material can be easily mimicked - A wide range of colored pigments in can be added to incorporate color

What is the formal pose of Menkaure and Khamerenebty meant of convey?

- Their status as "junior gods" - Their eternal existence - The power of the rulers

Which are characteristics of earthworks?

- They enter into the natural world and participate in its changes - The element of time is central to earthworks - They were originally conceived of as a way to make art that could not be bought and sold

How does the Spanish artist Luis de Mena portray Christ in his sculpture "Ecce Homo?"

- With drips of red paint simulating blood - With the crown of thorns Pontius Pilate placed on his head - As realistically as possible

Based on the ancient Egyptian convention of depicting human form, how are the pharaoh Menkaure and Khamerenebty portrayed?

- With idealized facial features and bodies - Facing straight forward, with the pharaoh's arms arms stiff at his sides

Who is being depicted in this Baule sculpture?

A spirit spouse

What culture is most closely associated with a tradition of sculpture that considered the human body itself a worthy subject?

Ancient Greece

How does Auguste portray the individuals in "The Burghers of Calais?"

As individuals facing death in their own way

The use of found objects as a sculptural material is an example of what type of sculptural technique?

Assembling

Why do scholars believe that the Olmec artists chose basalt as the material to carve their monumental sculptures?

Basalt is volcanic stone, which is associated with the spiritual power of the natural world.

Which sculpting method includes using specifically shaped container into which the liquid is poured and then allowed to cool and harden?

Casting

Some people in the art field distinguish between assembling, which brings sculpture parts on or near each other, and __________, which joins the pieces through a process such as welding or nailing.

Construction or Fabrication

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called a(n) _________.

Earthwork

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called a(n) ____________.

Earthwork

True or False: Installation art always replicates familiar spaces such as hotel rooms or offices.

False

True or False: Since the Renaissance the human form has infrequently been the subject of sculptors' work.

False

Sculptor Huma Bhabha uses __________ in her sculptures.

Found objects

Snowmen, Sandcastles, and Christo and Jeanne-Claude's "The Gates" are all examples of __________.

Impermanent sculptures

Where is the famous earthwork Serpent Mound located?

In southern Ohio

For what reason did the public complain about Richard Serra's "Tilted Arc" for a New York City plaza?

It blocked access to the building

According to Kiki Smith, why did she choose the human form as subject for her work?

It is only form everyone has their own authentic experience with.

Why do much ancient art that still exists in the 21st century made of terra cotta?

It was surprisingly durable

What is installation art?

Modifying space in some way and allowing the viewer to experience that space

Who developed contrapposto?

Sculptors in ancient Greece

The liquid form of ceramic used in casting is called _______________.

Slip

Taking a block of marble and carving a human figure out of it is considered to be what kind of sculptural process?

Subtractive

What was Auguste Rodin memorializing in "The Burghers of Calais?"

The self-sacrifice of six townsmen of 14th-century Calais

Why is Roxy Paine's steel sculpture "Conjoined" particularly inventive?

The shining metal seems at odds with the animated organic form

Why does Liza Lou adorn the items in her installations in small glass beads?

To draw attention to items that would otherwise go unnoticed

True or False: This portrait vessel, "Moche," was made using both modeling and a prepared mold.

True

True or false: To portray a human being in sculpture is to bring it into the world itself and give it a version of life.

True