ART EXAM 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS

What was the political meaning attributed to David's Oath of the Horatii?

1)It was a call to arms and sacrifice for the good of the republic. 2)It also was clearly understood in pre-Revolutionary France. 3)This style and the theme were acquired as the semiofficial voice of the coming Revolution.

The Age of Enlightenment had its roots in which of the following centuries?

17th century

The gallery ceiling in the Palazzo Farnese in Rome was arranged as framed easel paintings. Who was the artist?

Annibale Carracci

Caravaggio's Conversion of St. Paul presents the same dynamic emotion and dramatic religious fervor with the use of eloquent pictorial devices and stage lighting in much the same way as in which of the following works of art?

Bernini's Ecstasy of St. Teresa

Who is not an 18th-century portraitist?

Boyle

How did the artist David reveal the current polarities in his Coronation of Napoleon?

By clearly separating the church and the state and showing Napoleon to have more authority than the Pope.

Which of the following artists most influenced the work of Artemisia Gentileschi?

Caravaggio (AG)

José de Ribera was most strongly influenced by the work of which of the following artists?

Caravaggio (JR)

Who is not a Rococo painter?

Chambers

The term Bourgeois Realism is applied to the work of

Chardin

How does the phrase "controlling nature" reflect the gardens of Versailles?

Controlling nature = Creation of gardens equals man power over nature

Marat's assassin was

Corday

The Roman Catholic response to the Reformation was formulated at which of the following?

Council of Trent

How is Dutch Baroque uniquely different from Italian Baroque art?

DB focused on the market place as middle class protestants could afford them while IB was more religion based and focused on the CC

Which of the following works functions as an "altarpiece" for the inspiring the viewer with a French revolutionary martyr's dedication to service?

Death of Marat

The great contest between Neo-Classical artists emphasis on line verses Romantic artists focus on color was especially apparent in the content between which rival artists?

Delacroix and Ingres

Briefly describe the Dutch school of painting.

Dutch painters from Early Ren to Baroque age include Netherlandish Dutch Ren and Golden Age

How did Louis XIV use art as a tool of the monarchy?

Founded and commissioned French artists

The Rococo style started in

France

The artist who painted important personages in England in the end of the 18th century was

Gainsborough

The Houses of Parliament are examples of

Gothic revival architecture.

The Massacre at Chios is sympathetic to

Greece.

In Napoleon at Saint Bernard Pass, Napoleon is compared to

Hannibal and Charlemagne

Velásquez was the court painter for Philip IV. He accompanied the king to Fraga during the Aragonese campaign. While there he painted Philip's portrait; it is known as the Fraga Philip. Due to the dynastic inbreeding in the Hapsburg line, Philip inherited the Hapsburg jaw. How did Velásquez compensate for this "jaw" in the Fraga portrait?

He focused attention of the cloak and baldric worn by the king by making them shimmer.

How does Fra Andrea Pozzo create the illusion of Heaven opening above the heads of the congregation in the church of Sant'Ignazio?

He illusionistically continued the church's actual architecture into the vault so the roof seems to be lifting off.

Which of the following artists represented what was called the "sublime" in eighteenth-century art?

Henry Fuseli

Greenough's George Washington was based on

Iconography of Phidias, ancient Greek sculptor of Zeus at Olympia.

The Brighton Pavilion is an example of

Indian Gothic.

Borromini designed the church of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. He created a uniquely dynamic Baroque church with the counterpoint of concave convex elements in the façade that emphasized the three-dimensional effect with deeply recessed niches. Which of the following descriptions would also apply to this church?

It emphasized the sculptural qualities of the building.

The artist of the French Revolution was

Jacques-Louis David

The artist whose work best spoke for the French Revolution was which of the following?

Jacques-Louis David

Which of the following eighteenth-century philosophers stressed the importance of the natural goodness of human beings and was an important forerunner of the Romantic sensibility?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Rococo style is most closely related to

Late Baroque style

Match the philosopher with his ideas or work

Locke -- empiricism

The Oath of the Horatii was commissioned by

Louis XIV

1789 is the year that

Louis XVI was guillotined

Rubens has synthesized the styles of three Italian artists in his Elevation of the Cross. Which of the following are those three artists?

Michelangelo, Tintoretto, and Caravaggio

Neoclassicism invoked classical references of patriotism and trust in unshakable authority serving imperial agendas. Which of the following leaders embraced these IMPERIALISTIC aspects of Neoclassicism [AS OPPOSED TO DEMOCRATIC AGENDAS]?

Napoleon

Chiswick House was influenced by

Palladio

Jefferson based his design for Monticello on the architecture of

Palladio

Which of the following architects were the most influential in Thomas Jefferson's re-design of Monticello?

Palladio and Robert Adam

Which of the following artists was most closely associated with the style known as classical Baroque?

Poussin

Poussin was fascinated by ancient Rome and Italian Renaissance cultures. In his Et in Arcadia Ego that fascination has been translated into a visual text illustrating rational order and classicism. It is reminiscent of which of the following artists?

Raphael

Constable's painting of Salisbury Cathedral is an example of

Romanticism.

Which city has been generally credited with the birth of the Baroque style?

Rome

In Judith Leyster's Self-Portrait she portrays herself as a confident, accomplished painter, seated in front of her easel working yet taking time to stop work and meet the viewer's eye. Unlike Rembrandt she does not portray herself in a painter's smock. Which of the following would account for this?

She wanted to indicate her social prominence.

How does the Surrender of Breda glorify Spanish military authority?

Spinola, the Spanish troops, and by extension Philip IV, are presented as powerful and honorable. It is a rhetorical exaltation of Spanish national identity, a symbol of Philip IV and his army, and a tribute to Spinola, a personal friend of Velázquez who had died a few years before the commission of the painting.

Bernini's statue of David differs from previous generations of this depiction. His David seems to be moving through time and space. Which of the following would support this description?

The pivoting motion of the figure implies the movement through space and time.

The ceiling fresco for Gran Salone in the Palazzo Barberini in Rome is a visual eulogy to the family. The papal tiara and keys seen in the fresco announce the personal triumph of a family member. Who is that family member?

Urban VIII

A leading advocate of the Enlightenment in France was which of the following?

Voltaire

What is the "Baldacchino"?

a bronze canopy in the Vatican that imitates the look of cloth (hence the name "Baldacchino" since 'baldacco' means silk from Baghdad). Standing 100 feet tall, it is placed under the great dome and marks the tomb of St. Peter.

As part of his training in art Annibale Carracci received instruction in the classical and Renaissance traditions as well as anatomy studies and life drawing. Which of the following styles would describe the style of Carracci?

a more classically ordered style

In the Raft of the Medusa, "Medusa" refers to

a ship

La Madeleine in Paris was intended for which of the following purposes?

a temple of glory for Napoleon's armies

In Liberty Leading the People, the figure of Liberty is an example of

allegory.

Géricault's Raft of the Medusa was based on

an event taken from the newspapers of the day.

The Salon refers to

an official art exhibition

The term "sublime" was considered to inspire which of the following feelings?

awe mixed with terror

Towards the end of his career, Turner painted

broadly imagined, expressionistically colored landscapes.

Vermeer was known to have used which of the following tools?

camera obscura

Géricault's paintings reflect his interest in

combating social injustice. horsemanship. psychology. both psychology and combating social injustice.

Neo-Classicism conveyed

democratic ideals in the United States imperial ideals under Napoleon civil virtue and dedication to state and/or traditions

Which is not a theme in Goya's painting?

frivolity

Which are the most characteristic features of Rococo?

fussiness frivolity elegance irony

The Oath of the Horatii

is an event from Roman tradition

What is the interpretation of Goya's Saturn Devouring his Children?

it depicts the Greek myth of the Titan Cronus (in the title Romanized to Saturn), who, fearing that he would be overthrown by one of his children, ate each one upon their birth.

How did the Catholic Church use art to respond to the Counter-Reformation?

it was a movement within the Catholic Church was meant to be a way to fight the Protestant Movement. The Church used art as a propaganda tool to restore dominance.

The architectural style of Ancient Greece was resurrected in the late 18th century because

it was believed to inspire citizenship it seemed to encourage heroic sacrifice its crystalline lines seemed to reject the decadence of the Rococo

Which is true of Osterley Park House?

it was inspired by Classical precedents

Jacob van Ruisdael specialized in which of the following genres?

landscapes

Chardin

painted still-lifes and painted the common folk at their humble tasks but not painted "fêtes galantes"

The Rococo style is characterized by

pastel colors a spirit of play minimized human figures

The aristocracy __________ French Rococo art.

patronized and had their sensibilities reflected in

Which is not a tenet of Romanticism?

social realism

Which of the following were among the founding members of the Bolognese Academy of Art?

the Carracci

1830 is the date of

the July Revolution in France.

1787 is the year that

the U.S. Constitution was signed

Géricault's Raft of the Medusa represents which of the following?

the aftermath of a nineteenth-century French shipwreck and was considered an attack on government ineptitude

Plato's defense of Socrates is

the apology

Which of the following were among the most important concerns of philosophers, scientists, and artists of the Baroque period?

the depiction of space, motion, and time

How did historical fact replace the fanciful notions of Rome and its ancient society?

the discovery and excavations of Herculaneum and Pompeii

Kronos was

the father of the Olympians.

Describe characteristics of Caravaggio's style.

typically used dramatic light and dark contrasts (chiaroscuro) and scruffy, rugged figures. For example, in Caravaggio's "Entombment", both the chiaroscuro and the scruffy, rugged figures are on full display.

Which of the following conditions is characteristic of the 19 th century agrarian working class and is missing from the Haywain by Constable?

unrest and uprisings by rural populations

Which best describes the work of William Blake?

visionary

The Enlightenment

was the entire 18th century

Aquatint combines

watercolor and engraving.

Romantic artists

were interested in the wild and ghostly. yearned for the past or a golden future. loved wild landscapes.