Art G100 Chapter 1-5

Pietà

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What are six functions that art fulfills?

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What needs does commemorative art meet?

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What separates commentary from self-expression in art?

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What type of art might a ruler use to encourage allegiance?

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Popular Art

A style of painting and sculpture that developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s, in Britain and the United States, and uses mass production techniques (such as silkscreen) or real objects in works that are generally more polished and ironic than assemblages.

Shape

A two-dimensional area

Organic shapes

Are irregular, often curving or rounded, and seem more relaxed and informal than geometry shapes.

Naive or Outsider artists

Art by untrained artists, is made by people who are largely unaware of art history or the art trends of their time. Art by outsider artists is personal expression created apart from any conventional practice or style.

Folk Art

Art of people who have had no formal, academic training, but whose works are part of an established tradition of style and craftsmanship. Examples include religious carvers, quilt makers, and shop-sign painters.

Outside Artist

Art produced by untutored artists working by themselves and for themselves.

Abstract art

Art that depicts natural objects in simplified, distorted, or exaggerated ways.

Representational art

Art that recognizably represents or depicts a particular subject.

Non representational art

Art without reference to anything outside itself.

Kitsch

Art, objects, or design considered to be in poor taste because of excessive garishness or sentimentality, but sometimes appreciated in an ironic or knowing way. (Inexpensive material)

Wild Turkey

Artist: John James Audubon. Date: 1822 Medium: Watercolor Museum: New York Historical Society

Detail of Drawings of the Flights of Birds

Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Date: 1506 Museum: Biblioteca Reale Medium: Ink on paper

Flat Scythian pole-top in the shape of a schematic bird head with two bronze bells

Artist: N/a Date: 7th/6th century B.C., from Scythian Kuban Museum: Hermitage Museum St. Petersburg, Russia, Werner Forrman Archive, London Medium: Bronze

Royal Osun

Artist: N/a Date: Early 18th century Museum: British Museum, London Medium: Bronze

Tlingit Raven Barbecuing Hat

Artist: N/a Date: Early 19th century, from Sitka Alaska Medium: Wood, deerskin,ermine, spruce root, iron nail, bird beak.

Figure-ground reversal

As our awareness shifts, fish shapes and bird shapes trade places.

What are the key traits that define creativity?

Associating, Questioning, Observing, Networking, and Experimenting.

Monochromatic

Based mostly on one color.

Bird in Space

Brancusi transformed inert mass into an elegant, uplifting form. The implied soaring motion of the "bird" embodies the idea of flight. The highly reflective polish Brancusi applied to the bronze surface contributes to the form's weightless quality. Brancusi started working on this visual concept about a decade after the Wright brothers initiated the age of human flight, but long before the world was filled with streamlined consumer goods. Brancusi said, "All my life I have sought the essence of flight." Artist: Constantin Brancusi Date: 1928 Medium: Bronze

Mixed Media

By the mid-twentieth century, modern technology had added new media, including video and computers, to the nineteenth-century contributions of photography and motion pictures. Art made with a combination of different materials, as many artists do today, is referred to as mixed media.

Slip

Clay that is thinned with water to the consistency of cream.

Assemblage

Collection of objects gathered into an artwork.

Fine Art

Creative art, especially visual art, whose products are to be appreciated primarily or solely for their imaginative, aesthetic, or intellectual content.

Creativity

Creativity is the ability to bring forth something new that has value.

Prints

Exist in multiple copies.

Picture plane

Flat picture surface.

Classical

Greece or the Renaissance are most frequently described as beautiful.

Aesthetics

In the art context, the philosophy of art focusing on questions regarding what art is and how is evaluated, the concept of beauty, and the relationship between the idea of beauty and the concept of art.

Space

Indefinable, general receptacle of all things the seemingly empty space around us.

Line

Is our basic means for recording and symbolizing ideas, observations, and feelings;it is a primary means of visual communication.

Work of art

Is the visual expression of an idea or experience, formed with skill, through the use of a medium.

What is the difference between looking and seeing?

Looking- is is habitual and implies taking in what is before us in a generally mechanical or goal-oriented way. If we care about function, we simply need to look quickly at a doorknob in order to grasp and turn it. But when we get excited about the shape and finish of a doorknob, or the bright quality of a winter day, or we empathize with the creator of an artwork, we go beyond simple. Seeing- is a more open, receptive, and focused version of looking. In seeing, we look with our memories, imaginations, and feelings attached. We take in something with our eyes, and then we remember similar experiences, or we imagine other possible outcomes, or we allow ourselves to feel something. We are doing more than looking.

Painterly

Loose or spontaneous.

Subjects

Objects that representational art depicts.

Medium

Particular material, along with its accompanying technique.

Two-dimensional

Picture surface, can also be covered with lines, shapes, textures, and other aspects of visual form.

Nonobjective

Presents visual forms with no specific references to anything outside themselves. Just as we can respond to the pure sound forms of music, so can we respond to the pure visual forms of nonrepresentational art.

Geometric shapes

Such as circles, triangles, and squares tend to be precise and regular.

Implied lines

Suggest visual connections. Implied lines that form geometric shapes can serve as an underlying organizational structure.

Content

The meaning or message communicated by a work of art, including its emotional, intellectual, symbolic, thematic, and narrative connotations.

Idealism

The representation of subjects in an ideal or perfect state or form.

Iconography

The symbolic meanings of subjects and signs used to convey ideas important to particular cultures or religions.

Folk artists

Those with a small amount of or no formal art education usually described as untrained artists. Which is made by people working within a tradition.

Mass

Three-dimensional area.

Form

Thus refers to the total effect of the combined visual qualities within a work, including such components as materials, color, shape, line, and design.

Photomontage

Using borrowed picture fragments with a few muted colors to portray a mood of melancholy and longing.

Figurative art

When human form is the primary subject.

Volume

When mass encloses space.

biomorphic

Which also suggests shapes based on natural forms.