Art history 2 midterm

Chiaroscuro

(from the Italian words chiaro, meaning "light," and oscuro, meaning "dark") that enhances their modeling as three-dimensional forms; or shading

Baroque Art

1600-1750: Art that applies naturalistic, REALIST styles and contrast with light and dark. Religious AND secular themes. Involved with ABSOLUTISM (belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.) - characteristics: a more moving and dramatic variant of Renaissance principles featuring idealization based on observation of the material world; balanced (though often asymmetrical) compositions; diagonal movement in space; rich, harmonious colors; and visual references to ancient Greece and Rome. Many seventeenth-century artists sought lifelike depiction of their world in portraiture, genre paintings (scenes from everyday life), still life, and religious scenes enacted by ordinary people in ordinary settings.

Baroque Art Historical Context

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Mannerist style

an artistic movement that emerged in Italy in the 1520s and 1530s; it marked the end of the Renaissance by breaking down the principles of balance, harmony, and moderation; -Painters working in the Mannerist style fearlessly manipulated and distorted accepted formal conventions, creating contrived compositions and irrational spatial environments. Figures take on elongated proportions, enigmatic gestures, dreamy expressions, and complicated, artificial poses. The pictures are full of quoted references to the works of illustrious predecessors.

wen-ren/literati

associated with the educated men who served the court as government officials, remained the dominant artistic trend -The ideas underlying literati painting found their most influential expression in the writings of Dong Qichang (1555-1636). This high official in the late Ming period embodied the literati tradition as poet, calligrapher, and painter. He developed a view of Chinese art history that divided painters into two opposing schools, northern and southern.

Tenerbrism

dark, gloomy, mysterious; also occasionally called dramatic illumination, is a style of painting using profoundly pronounced chiaroscuro, where there are violent contrasts of light and dark, and where darkness becomes a dominating feature of the image -entombment of Christ,

Sfumato

the technique of allowing tones and colors to shade gradually into one another, producing softened outlines or hazy forms. -This becomes DaVinci's and Raphael Hallmark . -exclusively done in high Renaissance