art history exam 2
The Etruscans were well known for their practices in divination through _____.
Augury
What is the symbol on the shield of one of the soldiers in Justinian, Bishop Maximianus, and attendants?
Chi Rho
Who was the founder of the Roman Empire in East? He moved the capital to Byzantium.
Constantine
In Christ as Good Shepherd mosaic from the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia at Ravenna, which symbols are not usually seen in earlier Christian art?
Cross and halo
Hundreds of mummies were found in Egypt during the late Roman empire with portraits on the sarcophagi made from what medium?
Encaustic paint
What does Hagia Sophia mean?
Holy wisdom
Which ways did the function of Hagia Sophia change?
It has and does serve as a mosque
In the mosaics of Justinian and his attendants and Theodora and her attendants, what are they bringing to the church?
Items for the Eucharist and the church service
Which emperor re-captured Ravenna from the Ostrogoths?
Justinian
Which major architectural elements did the Romans borrow from the Etruscans?
Round arches
The Roman state persecuted the Christians and Jews. Which of the following would account for this persecution?
They refused to pay homage to the state's gods
True or False: Early Etruscan sculpture is similar stylistically to the Greek archaic style
True
What are two common ways Jesus was represented in Early Christian art prior to 380?
a good shepherd and teacher
What is an orant in early antiquity art?
a person, arms raised in prayer
What does the name pantheon refer to?
all the gods
What is one of the main differences between Greek temple architecture and that of the Etruscans?
an entrance centered at the front
What type of architectural plan was old St. Peter's?
basilica
What were the rules for burial practices in Rome? The use of the catacombs is a result of this.
burial happened outside city walls on private property
Where would an oculus be found?
center of a dome
The Emperor Trajan commissioned which of the following?
column depicting his victories
Christianity was recognized as the official religion of Rome in the early fourth century CE by which of the following?
constantine
Of the three Classical orders for columns, which was popular among the Romans and can be found on the front of the Pantheon? One answer
doric
Which area of the "Roman" empire refers to Byzantine in style, culture, and history?
eastern
With which myth is the sculpture Capitoline Wolf associated?
founding of Rome
In Byzantine art, like the mosaics of Justinian and Theodora, why is the sky gold rather than a natural blue?
gold is used to represent the idea of a heavenly realm or Paradise
The independent spirit and relative freedom Etruscan women enjoyed horrified which of the following?
greek male authors
Which of these are characteristics of Byzantine art?
heavy use of gold, abstract but representational figures
In the painting Portrait of a Husband and Wife from Pompeii, the scroll and writing tablet possibly symbolize what?
husband was a lawyer; wife was educated
How did the Etruscans typically bury their dead?
in subterranean rooms
Of which emperor does the only equestrian sculpture still exist?
julius caesar
The image of Christ as Pantokrator refers to his role as ____.
last judge of humankind
What would a forum be used for in the ancient world?
meeting place/ central area of the city
What is the earliest datable period for Christian art?
mid-third century CE
In the Etruscan sculpture, Sarcophagus with reclining couple, what might the woman have been holding?
perfume bottle
Instead of its usual position in the dome of a church, in the church of Monreale, the Pantokrator is located in the ____.
semi-dome of the apse
Found in the excavations of Pompeii, an example of _____ painting is the first ever found in history.
still life
What material did the Etruscans mostly use for their sculpture?
terracotta
What is used to create mosaics?
tesserae
What does "Iconoclast" refer to regarding Byzantine Christian art?
they believed icons were used for worship and destroyed the images
What illusion to the windows located at the base of the dome of Hagia Sophia create?
they create a halo effect as if the dome rests of light itself
