ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING FINAL 120 questions and answers

repetition

"Government of the people, by the people, for the people," is an example of

event

"To inform my audience about the history of Halloween observances" is a specific purpose statement for and informative speech about a(n)

looking directly at the audience without saying a word

According to your textbook, when you are in a formal speaking situation the most effective way of gaining the initial attention of your audience after you walk to the front of the room is

group membership

According to your textbook, which of the following is a demographic characteristic of a speech audience?

Commit yourself to achieving the goals of the group

According to your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a problem-solving small group?

formulating criteria for judging the best solution

According to your textbook, which of the following is a task need of a problem-solving small group?

situational

According to your textbook, you should always combine demographic audience analysis with ____________ audience analysis.

emotional

As your textbook explains, connotative meanings gives words their ____________ power.

all of the above; reinforce, personalize, and clarify ideas

As your textbook explains, examples help a speaker

gain desired response from listeners

As your textbook explains, the primary purpose of speechmaking is to

terminal

Audience members were unsure about the credibility of Jim Gilchrist, founder of the Minuteman project border patrol group, when he cam to speak on campus. As he spoke, he built his credibility by using high-quality evidence and relating to the concerns of the audience. After the speech, students agreed they would like to have him visit campus again for a roundtable discussion. According to your textbook, the credibility that Gilchrist produced by the end of his speech is called ______________ credibility.

keep the audience foremost in mind throughout the speechmaking process.

Audience-centeredness means that public speakers should

character

Efram's audience was persuaded by his speech because they perceived him to be sincere, trustworthy, and to have their best interests at heart. Which factor of credibility influenced Efram's audience?

reference works

Encyclopedias, yearbooks, biographical aids, and quotation books, are all examples of

50

Even when we are listening carefully, we usually grasp only about _________ percent of what we hear.

logos

Evidence and reasoning are the two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called

specific purpose

The __________ expresses precisely what you hope to accomplish with your speech.

body

The ___________ is the longest and most important part of the speech.

target audience

The __________________ is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

persuade

When the general purpose of your speech is to ___________ , you act primarily as an advocate.

chronological order

When the main points of a speech follow a time pattern, they are organized in

adrenaline

When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra ____________, a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.

a way to make a difference in something we care about

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is

be honest in what you say, be fully prepared for each speech, and make sure your goals are ethically sound

Which of the following are included in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking?

all of the above; Use language appropriate to the topic, speaker, and audience.

Which of the following does your textbook identify as a guideline for using language appropriately

End with a quotation

Which of the following does your textbook mention as a means of reinforcing the central idea in the conclusion of the speech?

Keep visual aids simple

Which of the following does your textbook present as a guideline for preparing visual aids?

think of your speech as a act of communication

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

get an early start on researching and preparing your speech

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to keep from plagiarizing?

all of the above; be creative, use colorful language, describe exciting experiences

Which of the following does your textbook recommend for developing your first classroom speech?

devote each main point to a separate aspect of the topic

Which of the following does your textbook recommend for preparing main points?

all of the above; use images strategically, limited amount of text, and colors consistently

Which of the following does your textbook say you should do when preparing PowerPoint slides for a speech?

Reveal the topic

Which of the following is a major objective of a speech introduction?

a business manager reporting on next year's budget

Which of the following is an instance of informative speaking?

a scientist urging the FDA to ban plastics containing the chemical BPA

Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking?

all of the above; use language clearly, accurately, and vividly

Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking?

a and b only; be creative, use technical language

Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a guideline for effective informative speaking?

encourage full participation

Which of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a responsibility of every member in a small group?

establish common ground with your audience

Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?

refer back to the introduction

Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to reinforce the central idea in a speech conclusion?

To persuade my audience to decease the amount of electricity they use during the summer in order to prevent blackouts.

Which of the following specific purpose statements is from a persuasive speech seeking immediate action?

the mean

Which of the following statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called "the average"?

aspirin

Which of the following word is the most concrete and specific

a pie graph

Which of the following would probably be the best visual aid to demonstrate the distribution of grades for a class?

sounds spontaneous even though it has been rehearsed

"Conversational quality " in speech delivery means that the speech

specific purpose

"To inform my audience about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of Hodgkin's Disease" is an example of a

fact

"To persuade my audience that student-loan repayment amounts should be tied to an individual's income," is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of

academic database

A(n) ____________ is a research aid that catalogues articles from a larger number of scholarly journals.

derived credibility

According to the textbook the credibility of a speaker produced by everything the speaker says or does during the speech itself is called

red herring

According to the textbook, a fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion is called a

all of the above; they are convinced by speaker's reasoning, perceive the speaker as being credible, and are won over by speaker's evidence

According to the textbook, people are persuaded by a speaker, in part because

all of the above; goals are ethically sound, learn all side of an issue, present evidence fairly and accurately

According to the textbook, persuasive speaker have an ethical obligation to

members of the group assemble for a specific purpose

As explained in your textbook, one of the defining traits of a small group is that

initial

As explained in your textbook, the credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called _________________credibility

the introduction, the body, and the conclusion

As explained in your textbook, the three main parts of a speech are called

signal the end of the speech and reinforce the speaker's central idea

As explained in your textbook, the two major functions of a speech conclusion are to

establish eye contact with the audience before you start to speak

As recommended in your textbook, when approaching the front of the room and beginning your speech, you should

formal

As the size of your audience increases, your presentation should usually become more

maintenance needs

As your textbook explains, all problem-solving small groups face three kinds of leadership needs: procedural needs, task needs, and

comprehensive

Brad is listening to a speaker explain how some new computer software works so Brad can use it in his business. According to your textbook, Brad is engaged in __________ listening.

chronological

For her first speech, Rebakah plans to explain her interest in gymnastics beginning with her childhood and continuing through her days in high school. Which pattern of organization discussed in your textbook will she use in her speech?

articulation

Forming particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly is called

sounds conversational even though it has been rehearsed

Good speech delivery

about 30 percent of waking hours

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?

It is stated as a question, not as an infinitive phrase

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement for a classroom speech: "Should juvenile prisons be eliminated?"

answer the reason for the audience's skepticism

If you want to persuade a skeptical audience, which of the following is it most important for you to do in your speech?

bar graph

If you wanted to compare the number of men and the number of women who earned bachelor's degrees in engineering, science, and the humanities in 2014, you would probably use a

chart

If you wanted to summarize the steps of a process in a speech, the best kind of visual aid to use would probably be a

yourself

If you were giving a speech about how to execute basic karate moves, the best kind of visual aid to use would probably be

topical

In her first speech, Kayla introduced her classmate Sean to the class. Each of her main points dealt with one of Sean's hobbies. According to your textbook, Kayla's speech was arranged in _______________ order.

empathic

Nuzhat is listening to provide emotional support to her friend Sousan, who is talking about the health of her aging parents. According to your textbook, Nuhzat is engaged in _____________________ listening

persuasive

Of all the kinds of speechmaking, _________________ speaking is the most complex and the most challenging.

listening

People spend more time _____________ than in any other communication activity.

policy

Persuasive speeches on questions of ________________argue for particular courses of action.

when they are 30 to 60 seconds into their speech

Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly

statistics

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are combined with __________________ that show(s) the examples to be typical.

designated leader

Rochelle was appointed by her boss to chair a small committee to draft a policy statement on personal use of company computers. She called a meeting of the group for 9 a.m. Wednesday morning. According to your textbook, what kind of leader is Rochelle?

empathic

Sarah is listening to her roommate to provide emotional support in a time of distress. According to your textbook, Sarah is engaged in __________________ listening.

extemporaneous

The _________________ speaker uses only brief noted or a speaking outline to jog the memory.

a preview statement

Which of the following would you most likely find in a well-constructed speech introduction?

chronological

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the central idea "There are five basic positions of the feet of in ballet?

500

what is the median in the following set of numbers: 200, 300, 500, 600, 600?

Consult a large number of sources in your research.

which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?

when taking notes, distinguish among quotations, paraphrases, and your ideas

which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to steer clear of incremental plagiarism?

strive to understand the speaker before criticizing his or her idea

A listener's ethical obligation to avoid prejudging a speaker means that a listener should

nonverbal communication

Communication based on a speaker's body and voice, rather than on the use of words, is called

chronological or topical

Informative speeches about processes usually arranged in _________________ order.

appreciative

Lance is enjoying Aziz Ansari's stand-up comedy routine at the Civic Center. According to your textbook, Lance is engaged in _______________ listening.

giving meaning to events

Language helps to shape our sense of reality by

its literal meaning or dictionary meaning

The denotative meaning of a word is

listeners are concerned above all with how a speech will affect them

The fact that audiences are egocentric means that

all of the above; author, title, keyword

The library's catalogue allows you to search for books by

vivid

The more __________ your examples, the greater the impact they are likely to have.

virtual library

The search engine that makes it easy to find high-quality Web resources by combining internet technology with traditional library methods of cataloguing and assessing data is known as a(n)

global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarism

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are

fact, value, and policy

The three types of questions that give rise to persuasive speeches are questions of

use statistics sparingly

To give statistics greater impact, a speaker should

enhance the clarity of a speaker's ideas

Visual aids can be very useful to a speaker because they

demographic and situational

What are the two types of audience analysis discussed in your textbook?

authorship, sponsorship, and recency

What are three criteria discussed in your textbook for assessing the soundness of documents found on the internet?

ethos

What contemporary researchers term credibility, Aristotle termed

400

What is the mode in the following set of numbers: 300, 400, 400, 600, 800?

inform

When the general purpose of your speech is to ___________ , you act primarily as a teacher.

arouse an emotional response

Zhu wants to created concern among her listeners about the dangers to civil liberties posed by government surveillance. She has decided to use words with strong connotative meanings because she knows they will help her

Graphs

_________________ are especially valuable for showing an audience statistical trends and patterns.

competence and character

According to the textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are

a kind of mental dialogue

According to the textbook, you should think of your persuasive speech as

vocalized pauses

According to your textbook, "uh," "er," "um," and similar expressions in a public speech are referred to as

now considered similar in reliability to print encyclopedias

According to your textbook, Wikipedia is

trying to cover too much material

According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is

object

According to your textbook, anything that is visible, tangible, and stable in form would be treated as a(n) ___________ in an informative speech

choosing a speech topic

According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble

all of the above; gather info, communicate accurately, learn effective techniques, get promoted in your job

According to your textbook, effective listening can help you do the following?

changes in the pitch of a speaker's voice

According to your textbook, inflection refers to the

impromptu

According to your textbook, the _______________speaker delivers a speech with little or no immediate preparation.

frame of reference

According to your textbook, the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message is called the listener's

all of the above; Is the information communicated, accurately, made meaningful and interesting to the audience

According to your textbook, the questions listeners ask when judging informative speech include

extemporaneous

According to your textbook, the type of delivery in which you plan your speech in detail and learn it well without trying to memorize the exact wording is called

connectives

According to your textbook, transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts are examples of

It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many points

According to your textbook, what is the most important reason for limiting the number of main points in a speech?