As magma cools it forms (_____) rock by the process of (____)
igneous and solidification
As magma cools it forms (_____) rock by the process of (____)
continental crust - Thick less dense, older made of granite. Oceanic crust - Thin more dense younger made of Basalt
Describe the 2 types of crust.
chamber of magma is stationary under a moving plate - magma solditifies at the surface
Explain how volcanoes form at hot spots.
New rock (crust) firmed at all ridges and push continents apart
How do mid-ocean ridges help support the theory of plate tectonics?
Magma and Lava
Igneous rocks can solidify from (_____) and (_____)
Melting
In order to form magma, what must happen to sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic rock? ____________________
heat and pressure
Metamorphism involves the addition of ____________ and ____________ to pre-existing rocks
1. continents fit like puzzle 2.fossils match across South America and Africa 3. rock and geological features match South America, Africa, India, Australia 4. coal deposits in Antartica
Name 4 ways Wegener supported his theory of continental drift.
The crust, Asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core
Name the layers of the Earth from the surface to the center
sedmentary and comaction and Cementation
Sediments form (____) rock by the process of (_____) and (____)
Weathering and erosion
Sediments form from the process of (___________) and (___________)
Shaking of crust due to release of energy
What are earthquakes?
A matchine that records Seismic waves
What is a seismograph?
An area around the pacific ocean (plate) tetonic activity volcanos, earthquakes.
What is the Ring of Fire?
The epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above the hypocenter of an earthquake.
What is the difference between a focus and an epicenter?
convection currents in the
What is the driving force behind plate tectonics?
The idea that all the continents were joined as a single land called Pangea
What is the theory of continental drift?
Asthenosphere and outer core
Which layers are liquid? _________________________ and _________________________
weathering and erosion into sediments then compactioncemite
Which process changes a metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?
heat and pressure
Which process changes an igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
melting into magma then solditification
Which process changes sedimentary rock into igneous rock?
Oceanic crust is consitantly being made at ocean ridges
Why is oceanic crust younger than continental crust?
