ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0: Pain and Inflammation

A nurse is caring for a client who takes low-dose aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events. The client asks the nurse about taking ibuprofen to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"ibuprofen will reduce the cardio protective effects of low-dose aspirin" Ibuprofen, an NSAID, reduces the cardio protective effects of low dose aspirin. Clients taking low dose aspirin for its ability to decrease platelet aggregation should not take ibuprofen

A nurse is caring for a group of postoperative clients. The nurse should identify that morphine is contraindicated for which of the following clients?

A client who had a cholecystectomy Morphine can cause biliary colic. It should not be administered to a client who has just had biliary tract surgery, such as a cholecystectomy.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports taking acetaminophen at home. The nurse should identify that which of the following client conditions is a contraindication for acetaminophen?

Alcohol use disorder Acetaminophen can cause liver toxicity. Clients who have a history of alcohol use disorder should not take acetaminophen.

A nurse is caring for a child who has a viral infection. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs can increase the risk of Reye syndrome in children who have viral infections.

Aspirin Aspirin can increase the risk for Reye syndrome in children who have a viral infection, particularly chickenpox or influenza. Manifestations of Reye syndrome include lethargy and persistent vomiting.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for prednisone for long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Bone loss Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can cause osteoporosis, especially with long-term use. Clients who are taking the drug should increase weight-bearing activity and report back pain. The nurse should monitor the client's bone density.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib. The nurse should tell the client to report which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Chest Pain Celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, can cause cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Clients should report chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, numbness, weakness, or confusion. Providers should prescribe the lowest effective dosage of the drug for the shortest time period possible.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetaminophen at regular intervals for mild discomfort. The nurse should tell the client to report which of the following early indications of acetaminophen toxicity?

Diaphoresis Acetaminophen toxicity can cause diaphoresis, anorexia, and eventually, liver damage. Clients should follow the dosage guidelines on the labels of over the counter drugs carefully to avoid toxicity. Nausea Acetaminophen toxicity can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, and can lead to liver damage. Diarrhea Acetaminophen toxicity can cause diarrhea, lethargy, and eventually, liver damage.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Discontinue the dug gradually Report illness or infection increase intake of calcium and vitamin D Monitor for signs of gastric bleeding

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking allopurinol about minimizing adverse effects. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Eat a small meal before taking the drug Taking allopurinol after eating a meal or drinking a glass of milk can prevent stomach upset.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking allopurinol to treat gout. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of hypersensitivity syndrome?

Fever Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause hypersensitivity syndrome. The nurse should monitor the client for rash, itching, or fever, as manifestations of hypersensitivity syndrome, which can lead to renal or liver dysfunction. Clients who develop this type of reaction should stop taking the drug.

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking aspirin. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations of salicylism?

Fever Tinnitus Diaphoresis Dizziness

A nurse is planning care for a client who has started taking prednisone. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

Monitor the client's blood glucose Prednisone can cause hyperglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's blood glucose regularly.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for tramadol. The nurse should identify that which of the following conditions is a contraindication for tramadol?

Seizure disorder Tramadol, a nonopioid analgesic, can cause seizure activity. Clients who have seizure disorders, head injuries, or increased intracranial pressure should not take tramadol.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib. The nurse should identify that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to celecoxib?

Sulfonamide allergy Clients who are allergic to sulfonamides can have severe allergic reactions to celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor. Clients who are allergic to salicylates can also react adversely to celecoxib.

A nurse is caring for a client who asks about taking acetaminophen. The nurse should identify that acetaminophen is indicated for which of the following conditions?

To reduce fever To relieve mild pain

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine to relieve severe pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Urinary retention Morphine can cause urinary retention. The nurse should monitor the clients fluid intake and output and assess for bladder distention. Respiratory depression Morphine can cause severe respiratory depression. The nurse should withhold the drug for a respiratory rate below 12/min. Sedation Morphine can cause sedation, dizziness, and lightheadedness. Clients who are taking the drug should avoid activities that require alertness. Orthostatic hypotension Morphine can cause hypotension and postural hypotension. Clients who are taking the drug should change positions gradually

A nurse is caring for a client who is opioid dependent and has a new prescription for butorphanol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of abstinence syndrome?

Vomiting Abdominal cramps Hypertension

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Avoid driving or activities that require mental alertness. Allopurinol can cause drowsiness. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid driving or activities that require mental alertness until they know the effect the drug will have on them

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for tramadol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Increase fiber and fluid intake Take the drug with food Avoid driving after taking the drug Change positions gradually

A nurse is caring for a client who currently takes furosemide and has a new prescription for prednisone. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations during concurrent use of the two drugs?

Hypokalemia Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, can cause hypokalemia. The risk for this electrolyte imbalance increases when the client is taking potassium-depleting diuretics, such as furosemide. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider and monitor the client's potassium levels.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking naloxone to treat acute morphine toxicity. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Increased respiratory rate Naloxone treats respiratory depression, but it can cause hyperventilation. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the clients respiration and oxygenation. Increased pain Naloxone reverses the analgesic effects of opioids and can cause increased pain and discomfort. The nurse should assess the clients pain frequently Ventricular arrhythmias Naloxone can cause ventricular arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the clients heart rate and ECG. Hypertension Naloxone can cause hypertension. The nurse should monitor the clients blood pressure

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for butorphanol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Nausea Butorphanol, an opioid agonist-antagonist, can cause nausea. Clients who are taking the drug should lie down when feeling nauseated. Dizziness Butorphanol, an opioid agonist-antagonist, can cause dizziness and drowsiness. Clients who are taking the drug should avoid activities that require alertness. Headache Butorphanol, an opioid agonist-antagonist, can cause headaches and increased intracranial pressure. Clients who are taking the drug should report severe headaches

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for allopurinol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Sore throat Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause agranulocytosis. The nurse should monitor the clients WBC count, and instruct the client to report fever or sore throat. The nurse should also instruct the client to avoid crowds or exposure to people who might have communicable diseases. Vertigo Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause drowsiness and vertigo. The nurse should instruct the client to report these adverse effects and avoid activities that require mental alertness until they know how the drug will affect them. Bruising Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause thrombocytopenia. The nurse should monitor the clients platelet count and instruct the client to report any bleeding or bruising. Vision changes Allopurinol, an antigout drug, can cause cataracts with extended use. The nurse should instruct the client to report vision changes, such as cloudiness or halos around light, and have eye examinations at recommended intervals.

A nurse is reviewing the drug list for a client who has a new prescription for allopurinol. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs interacts with allopurinol?

Warfarin Allopurinol can increase the effectiveness of warfarin. A lower dosage of warfarin might be required.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for aspirin to treat an ankle sprain. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse drug reactions?

Weight gain aspirin can cause renal impairement - retention of salt and water can cause thrombocytopenia increased bleeding petechia reduced urine production