Autonomic Nervous System

Which of the following is under control of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Emission

Alpha and beta receptors are classified as cholinergic receptors?

False

The somatic motor of division consist of somatic motor neurons that innervate cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle cells?

False

The parasympathetic nervous system is often known as the "rest and digest" division of the ANS.

True

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in?

Vagus nerve

Decreased parasympathetic stimulation could cause?

a dry mouth

What neurotransmitter is released by both preganglionic and postganglionic parasympathetic neurons at their synapses?

acetylcholine

What neurotransmitter is released by the axon of a sympathetic preganglionic neuron to communicate with the sympathetic postganglionic neuron?

acetylcholine

Receptors that bind norepinephrine and epinephrine are known as?

adrenergic

Found on arrector pili muscles in the dermis?

alpha receptor

What is found between the preganglionic neuron and postganglionic neuron of a visceral reflex arc?

autonomic ganglion

A drug that inhibits the release of norepinephrine will have the greatest affect on?

autonomic target cells

Located in the plasma membranes of cardiac muscle cells?

beta receptor

During sympathetic nervous system activity, what is NOT an effect of norepinephrine?

blood glucose levels decrease

Where are the preganglionic neurons of the Parasympathetic nervous system located?

brain stem or sacral spinal cord

What does the vagus nerve (CN X) innervate?

cardiac muscle cells

Receptors that bind acetylcholine are known as?

cholinergic

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are classified as?

cholinergic receptors

Compared to parasympathetic ganglia, sympathetic ganglia are?

closer to the spinal cord

Most organs are innervated from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, referred to as?

dual innervation

A drug known as a beta-blocker should primarily affect?

heart rate

Cocaine causes increased availability of norepinephrine and therefore stimulates the sympathetic division. Which of the following will be an effect of cocaine?

hyperglycemia due to increased glucose release

Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in the parasympathetic nervous system?

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

What part of the brain largely controls homeostatic functions?

hypothalamus

These are all features of the sympathetic division except?

it has long preganglionic fibers

What organ is served by the parasympathetic sacral nerves?

last portion of the large intestine

Target organs of the parasympathetic nervous system?

muscarinic cholinergic receptor

Found in the membranes of all parasympathetic target cells?

muscarinic receptor

Located in the membranes of all postganglionic parasympathetic neurons?

nicotinic receptor

Relaxation of the urinary sphincter?

parasympathetic nervous system

Secretion of saliva?

parasympathetic nervous system

Which nervous system division works antagonistically to the sympathetic nervous system?

parasympathetic nervous system

Which nervous system usually maintains a heart rate of 72 beats per minute?

parasympathetic nervous system

Which system works opposite to the sympathetic nervous system?

parasympathetic nervous system

Where are autonomic ganglia located?

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Neurons that transmit efferent signals between the CNS and autonomic ganglia are called?

preganglionic neurons

Enhances mental alertness?

sympathetic nervous system

Increased heart rate?

sympathetic nervous system

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels?

sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following is called the "fight or flight" division of the nervous system?

sympathetic nervous system

Where are the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system located?

thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord

Damage to the splanchnic nerves would effect functioning of the?

urinary bladder

Due to an accident, Lori's sacral nerves are severed. What do you expect to be affected by this injury?

urinary bladder and the last portion of the large intestine

A drug that inhibits the release of norepinephrine will have the greatest effect on?

Autonomic target cells

What does the Vagus nerve (X) innervate?

Cardiac muscle cells

Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving?

Digestion

Most organs are innervated from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, referred to as?

Dual innervation

A drug known as a beta blocker should primarily affect

Heart rate

Which of the following is NOT an effect of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Increased sweat secretion

The axons of parasympathetic preganglion neurons are?

Long

The axons of sympathetic postganglion neurons are?

Long

Where are the ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system located?

Near the cells or the organ being innervated

What neurotransmitter is released from the postganglionic neuron in the sympathetic nervous system?

Norepinephrine

Parasympathetic cranial nerves are associated with?

Oculomotor (CN III) Facial (CN VII) Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) Vagus (CN X) nerves

Where are the autonomic ganglia located?

Outside Neurons

After eating a large meal, Mr. Davis felt sleepy which nervous system dominates?

Parasympathetic nervous system

Which of the following is called the "Rest and Digest" division of the nervous system?

Parasympathetic nervous system

The axons of parasympathetic postganglion neurons are?

Short

The axons of sympathetic preganglion neurons are?

Short

What two systems are interfaced by adrenal medulla?

Sympathetic nervous system and Endocrine system

Most organs experience dual innervation from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

True

What best characterizes the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

The parasympathetic nervous system maintains homeostasis when the body is at rest.

The basic functions of the parasympathetic nervous system is to maintain homeostasis when the body is at rest?

True

Most organs experience dual innervation from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

True

Somatic motor neurons innervate?

skeletal muscle cells

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscle?

somatic nervous system

What two systems are interfaced by the adrenal medulla?

sympathetic nervous system and endocrine system

What is responsible for keeping blood vessels partially constricted at all times?

sympathetic tone