AZ Merit Performance Words 7th Grade

biased sample

a sample that may not accurately represent the population Survey only students in your homeroom would be a biased sample of all students at your school.

integers

a set of numbers that include 0, the counting numbers, and their opposites

variable

a symbol or letter that represents one or more numbers

proportional relationship

a term used to describe a pair of equivalent ratios

protractor

a tool used to measure and draw angles

net

a two-dimensional figure that can be folded to form a three-dimensional figure This net folds into a cube.

simulation

a way of acting out a problem by conduction an experiment similar to the problem that needs to be solved

sample space

all of the possible results in a probability experiment

possible outcomes

all of the potential results in a probability experiment

interest

an amount earned on an investment or charged fro borrowing money

commission

an amount of money a salesperson has earned on the total amount of goods or products he or she has sold Micheal earned a 5% commission on the sale of each computer

principal

an amount of money invested or borrowed

proportion

an equation stating that two ratios are equal

dependent event

an event in which the outcome of the second event depends on the outcome of the first event

simple event

an event that has only one favorable outcome

independent event

an event whose outcome does not depend on the outcome of any other event

factoring

dividing all the terms of an expression by their greatest common factor The factor form of 6x + 3xy is 3x(2 + y)

inference

in statistics, an estimate or prediction about a population made from data in a sample

simple interest

interest computed only on the principal amount

inverse operations

operations that undo one another

unit rate

ratio of measurements in which the second measurement is 1 unit

percent error

the absolute value of the difference between an estimate and an actual value divided by the actual value

percent decrease

the amount of a decrease divided by the original amount

percent increase

the amount of an increase divided by the original amount

mean absolute deviation (MAD)

the average distance between each data value and the mean

constant of proportionality

the constant ratio by which two quantities co-vary in a proportion: also called the unit rate: sometimes represented as k

circumference

the distance around a circle

multiplication property of equality

the equation property that states that both sides of an equation can be multiplied by the same quantity If x=12, then 3x = 3(12)

cross section

the figure created when a plane is sliced through a solid figure

greatest common factor (GCF)

the greatest number that is a common factor of two or more numbers

population

the group of interest in a statistical study

volume

the measure of the amount of space a solid figure occupies

median

the middle number in a data set ordered from least to greatest The data set 2, 6, 7, 8, 12 has a median of 7.

area

the number of square units that cover a figure

experimental probability

the number of times a favorable outcome happens when a probability experiment is actually conducted

additive inverse

the opposite of a number the additive inverse of 6 is -6.

distribution

the organization of a data set The distribution of a data set can show the spread of a set of data as well as outliers, clusters, and gaps.

associative property of addition

the property that states that addends can be grouped in different ways and the sum will be the same

division property of equality

the property that states that both sides of an equation can be divided by the same nonzero quantity

associative property of multiplication

the property that states that the factors can be grouped in different ways and the product will be the same

commutative property of addition

the property that states that the order of addends can change and the sum will be the same

commutative property of multiplication

the property that states that the order of the factors can change and the product will be the same

multiplicative inverse property

the property that states that the product of a nonzero number and its multiplicative inverse is 1.

zero property of multiplication

the property that states that the product of a number and 0 is zero

multiplicative identity property

the property that states that the product of a number and 1 is that number

distributive property of multiplication

the property that states that the product of a number and a sum is the same as the product of individual addends and the number: also applies to subtraction

addition property of equality

the property that states that the same quantity can be added to both sides of an equation If x = 12, then x + 3 = 12 + 3.

subtraction property of equality

the property that states that the same quantity can be subtracted from both sides of an equation

additive identity property

the property that states that the sum of a number and 0 is that number 5 + 0 = 5

additive inverse property

the property that states that the sum of a number and its additive inverse is always 0

scale factor

the ratio of a side length of one of the sides of an object to the corresponding side length on the scale drawing

scale (of drawing)

the ratio of a side length on a scale drawing to the length of the corresponding side of the object it represents

probability

the ratio of the number of favorable or desired outcomes in a event to the number of possible outcomes

theoretical probability

the ratio of the number of ways an event can occur (favorable outcomes) to the total number of possible outcomes

pi

the ration of the circumference of a circle to its diameter

multiplicative inverse

the reciprocal of a rational number a, where a≠ 0

solution set

the solutions of an inequality The solution set for x ≥ 4 includes 4 and all numbers greater than 4.

mean

the sum of all data values divided by the total number of data values

surface area

the sum of the areas of the faces, or surfaces, of a three-dimensional figure

vertical angles

the two angles across from each other that do not share any side when tow lines intersect

like terms

two or more terms that have the same variables raised to the same powers

variation

a description of how spread out the data in a set are

scale drawing

a drawing of an object in which the side lengths are enlarged or reduced compared to the actual side lengths of the object

composite figure

a figure that is made of two or more basic shapes

complex fraction

a fraction in which the numerator or denominator or both are fractions

radius (r)

a line segment that can be drawn from any point on a circle to the center of the circle

diameter (d)

a line segment that has endpoints on a circle and passes through the center of the circle

tree diagram

a list of all the possible outcomes in a diagram with branches with branches that look like a tree

probability model

a model used to simulate situations involving probability

coefficient

a number multiplied by a variable or product of variables

inequality

a number sentence that uses symbols such as <,>,≥,≤

algebraic equation

a number sentence with an equal sign that includes one or more variables

rational number

a number that can be expressed as a ratio

measure of center

a number that can be used to describe the middle of a data set

measure of variability

a number that indicates the spread of a data set

adjacent angles

a pair of angles that share a common vertex and ray ∠ABC and ∠CBD are adjacent angles

supplementary angles

a pair of angles whose measures have a sum of 180°

complementary angles

a pair of angles whose measures have a sum of 90°

term

a part of an expression

percent

a part-to-whole ratio that compares an amount to 100

center (of a circle)

a point inside the circle such that all points on the circle are the same distance away

sample

a portion of the population being studied

representative sample

a portion of the population being studied that shares the characteristics of a known number of members of the population

rate

a ratio of two quantities with different units

percent of change

a ratio that compares change to the original quantity

random sample

a representative sample where each object in the population has a know chance of being chosen

compound event

a combination of two or more events in a probability experiment Tossing two coins at the same time is a compound event

ratio

a comparison of two numbers or quantities

terminating decimal

a decimal that has a finite number of digits

repeating decimal

a decimal with a repeating pattern of digits