BDA102

A data dictionary is sometimes described as ____________.

"the database designer's database"

What is the result of SUBSTR('19425127', 2, 4)?

'9425'

Which of the answers below is not the most important characteristic of an entity?

A foreign key

All SQL commands must be issued on a single line. (T/F)

False

Comparison operators cannot be used to place restrictions on character-based attributes.(T/F)

False

Zoe needs an open-source, distributed framework to provide an environment for high speed, parallel computation and storage using low-cost hardware as nodes in order to process Big Data. Which of the following would Zoe use?

Hadoop

The ____ allows using independent tables linked by common attributes.

JOIN

Which of the answers below is not an example of a web browser that a database management system (DBMS) might use to provide access to the database?

Mozzarella Firefox

Which term represents a micro view of the entities within the ERD.

Normalization

End-user data is data that is __ of interest to the end user?

Raw facts

_____, also known as RESTRICT, yields values for all rows found in a table that satisfy a given condition.

SELECT

In a relational table, an intersection of a row and a column represents ____________.

a single data value

A(n) _____ is the equivalent of a field in a file system.

attribute

One of the reasons we need database is because they are the best ways to store and manage ___.

data

A(n) _____ represents a particular type of object in the real world.

entity

A table is in 4NF if it is in 3NF, and _____.

it has no multivalued dependencies

Karl is in the process of identifying and documenting business rules during his step in a new database design, spending many hours ensuring its accuracy. Why would he spend a significant amount of time on one task?

it helps to standardize the company's view of data.

An ERD is created through which of the following processes?

iterative

A(n) ______ table is the implementation of a composite entity used to implement an M:N relationship.

linking

Which of the following is an entity cluster?

location

A workgroup database is a _____ database.

multiuser

In the context of data modeling, what term is used to describe a single instance of an abstract representation of a real-world person, place or thing?

object

When having a weak entity in a strong identifying relationship with a parent entity, what is used to represent the data model as two separate entities?

real-world object

If a PROFESSOR can teach up to 4 CLASSes, the cardinality of CLASS should be expressed as which of the following?

(1,4)

When a composite entity, ENROLL, is between two parent entities CLASS and STUDENT, what would its cardinality be to ensure an enrollment has at least one student, and an enrollment is associated with at least one class?

(1:M)

Jun is shopping with his partner and presents a coupon for a "buy one, get one free" deal on soap. He checks out and then hands the same coupon to his partner to use. What business rule does this invalidate?

1:1

When a company reorganizes its executive branch so executives can manage more than one division, the employee database will need to update its relationship between the EXECUTIVE and DIVISION tables to which of the following?

1:1 to 1:M

Business rules use simple language to establish definitions of entities, attributes, relationships, and constraints. For instance, a business rule establishing that entities can have multiple attributes, and that each available attribute may be associated with only one entity, might be stated as "An employee may be assigned multiple devices" and "Each device may be assigned to only one employee". Classify the relationship between EMPLOYEES and DEVICES in this example using shorthand notation.

1:M

A database management system (DBMS) can be likened to__?

A very well-organized electronic filing cabinet

The marketing team is not able to distinguish customers in a specific city because the CUSTOMER table is too compact. The table's attributes must be broken down to make the customers' city a groupable query. Which of the following attributes should be simplified to improve queries for the CUSTOMER table?

ADDRESS

What components should an implementation-ready data model contain?

An implementation-ready data model should contain at least the following components: A description of the data structure that will store the end-user data. A set of enforceable rules to guarantee the integrity of the data. A data manipulation methodology to support the real-world data transformations.

The database structure itself is stored as a __?

Collection of files

_____ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.

Constraints

Information is produced by processing _____.

Data

Which of the answers listed below is an example of structured data?

Data in an excel spreadsheet

What would you define as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions?

Data integrity

_____ databases reflect the ever-growing demand for greater scope and depth in the data on which decision support systems increasingly rely.

Data warehouse

When building your clauses which of the following is recommended to address first:

FROM

In Chen notation, there is no way to represent cardinality. (T/F)

False

Oracle users can use the Access QBE (query by example) query generator. (T/F)

False

The row's range of permissible values is known as its domain.

False

True or False "The external model is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS."

False

True/False "In Chen Notation, entities and relationships have to be oriented horizontally; not vertically."

False

True/False "One of the advantages of a database system over previous data management approaches is reduced costs."

False

Within a specialization hierarchy, a supertype can exist only within the context of a subtype. (T/F)

False

What are the advantages of having the DBMS between the end user's applications and the database?

Having a DBMS between the end user's applications and the database offers some important advantages. First, the DBMS enables the data in the database to be shared among multiple applications or users. Second, the DBMS integrates the many different users' views of the data into a single all-encompassing data repository.

Ali needs to review the metadata of a file system. Where should they look?

Name node

On a table of students the attributes of student code, name, surname, gpa, birth date, and phone number. What data type is more appropriate for the gpa attribute?

Numeric

As a database administrator, which option below is one of the three types of software that you need to make the database system function fully?

Operating system software

Which of the answers below would you consider hardware while gathering requirements for a database?

Operating system software

When designing a college ERD where the PROFESSOR entity connects to other entities, its relationship to DEPARTMENT would most likely be expressed as which of the following?

PROFESSOR chairs a DEPARTMENT

A new department is created in a company. To keep track of the projects department, a new table is required. Given the size of the company there are a large number of tables and attributes. To avoid potential confusion, and to make sure to refer to the adequate foreign keys, which strategy is more adequate?

Query the data dictionary to get the necessary information.

The options below are examples of databases except?

Recycle database

____ relationships occur when there are multiple relationship paths between related entities.

Redundant

The table STUDENT has the attributes STUDENT_ID, NAME, S_ID, and ADDR. The table SCHOOL has the attributes SCHOOL_ID, NAME, and STATE_CODE. Assume that there is a 1:N relation between SCHOOL and STUDENT where the common attributes are S_ID, and SCHOOL_ID. Which of the following creates a table that shows the STUDENT attributes and the corresponding SCHOOL attributes?

SELECT * FROM STUDENT JOIN SCHOOL ON STUDENT.S_ID = SCHOOL.SCHOOL_ID

How would you define data that is verifiable?

The data always yields consistent results.

What are the sources of business rules, and what is the database designer's role with regard to business rules?

The main sources of business rules are company managers, policy makers, department managers, and written documentation such as a company's procedures, standards, and operations manuals. A faster and more direct source of business rules is direct interviews with end users. Unfortunately, because perceptions differ, end users are sometimes a less reliable source when it comes to specifying business rules. For example, a maintenance department mechanic might believe that any mechanic can initiate a maintenance procedure, when actually only mechanics with inspection authorization can perform such a task. Such a distinction might seem trivial, but it can have major legal consequences. Although end users are crucial contributors to the development of business rules, it pays to verify end-user perceptions. Too often, interviews with several people who perform the same job yield very different perceptions of what the job components are. While such a discovery may point to "management problems," that general diagnosis does not help the database designer. The database designer's job is to reconcile such differences and verify the results of the reconciliation to ensure that the business rules are appropriate and accurate.

Kaiden is wanting to ensure there is proper facilitation of communication between the designer, application programmer, and the end user. What should the most important part of his process be?

To distinguish between objects in the problem domain.

A database language enables the user to perform complex queries designed to transform the raw data into useful information. (T/F)

True

Although SQL commands can be grouped together on a single line, complex command sequences are best shown on separate lines, with space between the SQL command and the command's components. (T/F)

True

Dependency diagrams are very helpful in getting a bird's-eye view of all the relationships among a table's attributes. (T/F)

True

The entity supertype contains common characteristics, and the entity subtypes each contain their own unique characteristics. (T/F)

True

True/False Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

True

You can select partial table contents by naming the desired fields and by placing restrictions on the rows to be included in the output. ( T/F)

True

Which of the following is equivalent to WHERE attribute NOT BETWEEN 100 AND 1000?

WHERE attribute < 100 OR attribute > 1000

A database designer set the CRS_CODE attribute as the primary key to the CLASS table. If no other changes are made, how many composite identifiers does the table have?

Zero

Although a student's registration form may list information gathered from the COURSE, CLASS, BUILDING, and ROOM table, which of the following would be the most accurate phrase describing these table's relationship with each other in an UML class diagram?

a CLASS uses a ROOM in a BUILDING

If an attribute cannot be further subdivided, which of the following attributes would it display?

atomicity

When identifying types of relationships represented by business rules, consider that relationships between entities are

bidirectional

Different views of the data are less likely to cause problems or conflicts when a database offers which of the following?

blueprint

From a database point of view, the collection of data becomes meaningful only when it reflects properly defined _____.

business rules

In the context of data models, which of the following models emphasize a global view of data that is independent of the database model type?

conceptual model

The term _____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

database system

In a(n) _____ diagram, the arrows above the attributes indicate all desirable dependencies.

dependency

Any attribute whose value determines other values within a row is known as a(n) _____.

determinant

Attribute A _____ attribute B if all of the rows in the table that agree in value for attribute A also agree in value for attribute B.

determines

A(n) _____ database is used by an organization to support many users across many departments.

enterprise

When working in an ER model, what does each row in the relational table represent?

entity

When creating an associative entity ENROLL, which is optional on both ends but connects STUDENTs to CLASSes, what would be true about ENROLL if its composite PK is made up of the PKs of STUDENT and CLASS?

have strong connections with STUDENT and CLASS

The _____ is the representation of a database as "seen" by the DBMS.

internal model

The term _____ is used to refer to the task of creating a conceptual data model that could be implemented in any DBMS.

logical design

You are designing a conceptual model and are in the process of matching the DBMS requirements to the entity-relationship diagram (ERD) to create a data model that is software-independent. Which stage of the design phase are you doing?

logical design

Which type of databases would Sonnie most likely use when more complex objects with different types of data are required, particularly when data management is incorporated into an object-oriented programming language or when disk indexing is needed to provide persistent storage?

object-oriented

A data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the

operational databases

Using attributes such as STU_LNAME and STU_FNAME, the entity STUDENT would be represented with a _____ in the Chen model.

rectangle

The "_____" characteristic of a primary key states that the selected primary key must not be composed of any attribute(s) that might be considered a violation.

security-compliant

Jude is a database administrator. Jude wants to store and manage an XML database. What type of XML data should Jude plan to use?

semistructured

According to the "preferably single-attribute" characteristic of a primary key, the primary key:

should have the minimum number of attributes possible.

The _____ is actually a system-created database whose tables store the user/designer-created database characteristics and contents.

system catalog

Granularity refers to _____.

the level of detail represented by the values in a table's row

What is the general rule that is used when using entity clusters?

to avoid the display of attributes

A(n) _____ index is an index in which the index key can have only one pointer value (row) associated with it.

unique

When using a surrogate key, one must ensure that the candidate key of the entity in question performs properly through the use of what constraints?

unique index

When using a data-modeling checklist to design a data structure, attribute names should:

use descriptive suffixes

When there is a discriminator of a weak entity how is the set specified?

using a dashed line

Proper data _____ design requires carefully defined and controlled data redundancies to function properly.

warehousing