Biel Final

27. People with generalized anxiety disorder:

Suffer from persistent anxiety that cannot be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity

28. _________ refers to Wolpe's method for reducing fears by associating a hierarchy of images of fear-evoking stimuli with deep muscle relaxation.

Systematic desensitization

1.Miguel, an unusually uncontrollable child, runs around the house endlessly, has little sleep, and often has temper tantrums. His mother exclaims to the family doctor, "I swear that kid is possessed!" In this scenario, which perspective on psychological disorders is she most likely to hold?

The demonological model

26. According to Aaron Beck, clients may engage in _________, which means looking at the world in black and white rather than in shades of gray.

Absolutist thinking

35. _________ is characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax.

Anxiety disorder

23. A young man is having trouble getting along with his roommate. Sometimes, his roommate does not speak for days. On other days, he speaks rapidly and nonstop, and is often abrasive and aggressive. The roommate is showing symptoms suggesting:

Bipolar disorder

20. Mary has schizophrenia and exhibits symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, lack of emotional expression, and social withdrawal. Mary has:

Both positive and negative symptoms

30. Which of the following is true of free association?

Clients are made comfortable and asked to talk about any topic that comes to mind

25. Behavior therapists rely heavily on principles of _________.

Conditioning and observational learning

6. Mary and Ted are working with a therapist to strengthen their communication, express their uncomfortable feelings, and learn to share in the decision-making process. In which of the following therapies are they involved?

Couple therapy

47. Amnesia is frequently associated with _____.

Dissociative disorders

2. Jane has episodes where she can't remember what she did or where she was. She has found clothing in her closet that she does not wear and doesn't know how it got there. When she goes to see the doctor, she introduces herself as Suzy. Jane seems to be exhibiting:

Dissociative identity disorder

32. Schizophrenia is characterized by:

Disturbances in thought and language perception and attention, and mood

24. According to psychodynamic therapy, psychological problems reflect:

Early childhood experiences and inner conflicts

10. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of group therapy?

Feeback is always positive

17. Which of the following is a difference between humanistic forms of therapy and behavior therapy?

Humanistic forms of therapy tend to focus on emotions, whereas behavior therapy fends to focus on actions

16. Unlike client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy _________.

Is directive

36. People with mood disorders:

May become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events

3. _________ is an abrupt anxiety attack that is apparently unrelated to specific objects or situations.

Panic disorder

19. Behavior therapy applies _____ to directly promote desired behavioral changes.

Principles of learning

31. Salma angrily tells her therapist, John, "I should have won the beauty contest. It's not fair." John confronts Salma's belief by asking, "Wasn't the winner more talented and articulate than you?" John is most likely to be a(n) _____.

Rational emotive behavior therapist

21. According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is the basis for psychological problems?

Roadblocks to self-actualization

50. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of psychological disorders?

Socially acceptable behavior

11. People with _________ complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease.

Somatoform disorder

12. _________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights.

Specific phobias

15. Which of the following is true of rational emotive behavior therapists?

They aim to encourage clients to challenge and correct irrational expectations

8. Steve's physician has prescribed medication that belongs to a class of chemicals known as benzodiazepines. Steve is most likely to be treated for _____.

anxiety

18. Delmar believes that he has been sent to Earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to, or associates with, a female is doomed to a life as a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are untrue. Which of the following does Delmar demonstrate?

delusions

40. _________ is a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality.

hallucination

13. _________ is defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce the anxiety.

ocd

41. _________ is the tendency to block the free expression of impulses and primitive ideas—a reflection of the defense mechanism of repression.

resistance

9. Which of the following is the aim of traditional psychoanalysis?

to provide insight into the conflicts are presumed to lie at the roots of a person's problems

22. Which of the following therapies focuses on changing the beliefs and attitudes that create and compound people's problems?

Cognitive therapy

45. A man cancels an important business trip to a mountainous country because he is afraid of the steep roads and hill climbs. He is also terrified of the cable car ride that he must take to get to his hotel. He goes to a doctor to discuss this problem. In the context of anxiety disorders, which of the following diagnoses is the doctor likely to make?

Acrophobia

4. Jason meets a therapist for the first time. During the session, the therapist tells him that she believes that humans have a natural tendency toward health and growth and that they are free to make choices and control their destinies. She also tells him that therapy is intended to help people get in touch with their genuine feelings. Which kind of therapy does she likely practice?

Client-centered therapy

44. Fran describes herself as complicated. Since she hates being alone, she is always looking for companionship and often gets involved in stormy relationships. Mostly, she gets into disagreements with people over her divided loyalties—she just cannot make up her mind to stand by one person. She has been hopping from job to job because she is not sure about what she likes to do. Her attitude is typical of a person with _____.

Borderline Personality Disorder

7. A similarity between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder is that both:

Characterized by feelings of anxiety

33. Dr. Thomas, a psychiatrist, works at a facility that treats new cases as outpatients rather than sending them to hospitals. He also helps people who have been released from mental hospitals. Most of the people treated by him have chronic psychological disorders. Dr. Thomas works at a(n) _____.

Community mental health center

42. A man witnessed an explosion in which a coworker died, and soon after, he lost his vision. Despite many neurological tests, doctors could find no organic basis for the man's loss of eyesight. A psychological explanation for this incident is:

Conversion disorder

37. Which of the following is true of cognitive therapy?

It focuses directly on thoughts and encourages ideas that help individuals solve problems

14. Kim has a poor appetite and has experienced a severe weight loss. She is unable to concentrate or make decisions. She often has feelings of unworthiness and guilt for things she has not done. She no longer cares about life and talks about death, and how she would welcome it. Psychologists are most likely to diagnose Kim with _____.

Major Depressive Disorder

39. In the manic phase of bipolar disorder, a person may:

Make huge contributions to charity

34. Individuals who have experienced severe trauma or victimization may experience debilitating anxiety reactions months and years after the actual traumatic experience. For example, disaster victims or war veterans often have their first symptoms many months after the actual events. These patients are diagnosed as suffering from:

PTSD

48. People with _________ do not show the grossly disorganized thinking of the paranoia of the paranoid schizophrenic.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

29. Ryan, a psychiatrist, has recommended that his patient stop the use of antianxiety drugs. After two weeks, the patient complains that her anxiety symptoms have not abated. Ryan tells the patient that her feelings are an expected response to stopping antianxiety medication. What is the patient experiencing?

Rebound anxiety

49. Joan avoids talking about her troubled marriage with her psychoanalyst. When she is asked to talk about the relationship, she becomes restless and claims, "There is nothing to tell." Which of the following is indicated by Joan's behavior?

Resistance

43. Katie is excessively fearful of meeting new people. She eats at her desk at work to avoid any social contact with her coworkers and consistently refuses their invitations to go out for parties. Psychologists will most likely diagnose Katie with _____.

Social Phobia

46. In the context of depressive disorders, people who remain depressed:

are more likely to be able to solve social problems.