Bio 112 Ch 43

memory cell

A certain cell type has existed in the blood and tissue of its vertebrate host's immune system for over twenty years. One day, it recognizes a newly arrived antigen and binds to it, subsequently triggering a secondary immune response in the body. Which of the following cell types most accurately describes this cell?

have a reduced number of B cells and be unable to form antibodies

A newborn who is accidentally given a drug that destroys the thymus would most likely _____.

innate immunity

Acidity in human sweat is an example of _____.

class I MHC molecules

An otherwise healthy student in your class is infected with EBV, the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis. The same student had already been infected when she was a child, at which time she had merely experienced a mild sore throat and swollen lymph nodes in her neck. This time, though infected, she does not get sick. The EBV antigen fragments will be presented by the virus-infected cells along with _____.

III → IV → II → I → V

Arrange in the correct sequence these components of the mammalian immune system as it first responds to a pathogen. I) Pathogen is destroyed. II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies. III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes. IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous. V) Only memory cells remain.

I, II, and III

Engulfing-phagocytic cells of innate immunity of vertebrates include _____. I) neutrophils II) macrophages III) dendritic cells IV) natural killer cells

memory

If a patient is missing B and T cells, what would be absent from the immune response?

the ancient observation that someone who had recovered from the plague could safely care for those newly diseased

Immunological memory accounts for _____.

is activated immediately upon infection

Innate immunity _____.

physically trapping pathogens

Mucus occurs in both the respiratory and digestive tracts. What is its main immunological function?

natural killer cells

The cells involved in innate immunity, whose absence increases the chances of developing malignant tumors, are _____.

lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen

Vaccination increases the number of _____.

One has a major role in antibody production, while the other has a major role in cytotoxicity.

Which of the following is a difference between B cells and T cells?

only I, II, and IV

Which of the following statements are fundamental to the clonal-selection theory of how the adaptive immune system functions? I) Each lymphocyte has a unique membrane receptor that recognizes one antigen. II) When the lymphocyte binds an antigen, it is activated and begins dividing to form many identical copies of itself. III) Cloned lymphocytes have slight differences and are selected by the spleen for removal if they do not bind an antigen. IV) Cloned cells descend from an activated lymphocyte and persist even after the pathogen is eliminated.

You had an adaptive immunity to that virus.

You and a friend were in line for a movie when you noticed the woman in front of you sneezing and coughing. Both of you were equally exposed to the woman's virus, but over the next few days, only your friend acquired flu-like symptoms and was ill for almost a week before recovering. Which one of the following is a logical explanation for this?