bio 155 exam 6 (nervous system part 2)
T/F When you are taking an exam, the sympathetic nervous system is dominant.
True
Somatic Division
Voluntary, Conscious control of skeletal muscles, Involuntary (reflexes)
Respiratory center
adjusts respiration in response to CO2 and O2 levels
Cerebrospinal fluid
bathes the brain, spinal cord, Shock absorber, Produced within the ventricles of the brain
Bacterial and viral infections of the brain are rare because the ________ prevents most viruses, proteins, and bacteria from entering the cerebrospinal fluid.
blood-brain barrier
CNS protection
bone, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, blood-brian barrier
People who are intoxicated cannot coordinate their movements or walk a straight line because alcohol disrupts the normal function of which region of the brain?
cerebellum
The region of brain that coordinates antagonistic muscle movements is the
cerebellum
What type of neuron transmits impulses within the central nervous system?
interneuron
Control of respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure is integrated through the
medulla oblongata.
Which component of the nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic divisions?
motor
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves are part of the ________ nervous system.
peripheral
Blood-brain barrier
prevents entry of certain chemicals and pathogens
Meninges
protective membranes, Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater
Cardiovascular center
regulates heart rate and blood pressure
Bone
skull and vertebrae
Its effect is to prepare the body for emergencies
sympathetic nervous system
Norepinephrine
the key neurotransmitter for Sympathetic division, Produces fight-or-flight response (Increases heart rate and respiration, Raises blood pressure, Dilates pupils, Slows digestion and urine production)
Acetylcholine
the key neurotransmitter for parasympathetic division, lowers heart rate and respiration, increases digestion, permits defecation and urination
Pons
Connects higher brain centers and the spinal cord, Coordinates the flow of information between the cerebellum and higher brain centers, Aids medulla oblongata in regulating respiration
Medulla oblongata
Connects to spinal cord, Controls vital automatic functions of internal organs
Nerve
Contains axons of many neurons wrapped together in a protective sheath, Carries information to and from the CNS
Cerebellum
Coordinates basic body movements, Stores and replicates sequences of skilled movements (Examples: Tying a shoe, Swinging a bat, Using a keyboard)
Spinal reflexes
Involuntary responses mediated primarily by spinal cord and spinal nerves, with little brain involvement
Habits and skills memory
Involve motor activities
Which part of the central nervous system is associated with emotions?
Limbic system
Semantic memory
Numbers and words
Autonomic Division
Part of the motor output of the PNS, Controls automatic body functions of many internal organs, Consists of two divisions (Sympathetic division Parasympathetic division) Both sympathetic motor neurons and parasympathetic neurons enervate each organ, Targets: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, internal organs
Episodic memory
Persons, events
Sympathetic division
Prepares the body for emergencies
Parasympathetic division
Relaxes the body, Opposes sympathetic division
Which part of the brain functions like a switchboard for the brain?
Thalamus
