Bio 215 HW Respritory
Indicate the means by which oxygen is carried in the blood.
Bound to hemoglobin Dissolved in plasma
As the volume of a closed container decreases, the pressure of the gas within it increases. This is an example of which gas law?
Boyles law
When touch receptors in the Blank______ are triggered, a cough occurs.
Carina
What is the opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx is called?
Choana
The total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of gases in the mixture is a summary of Blank______ law.
Dalton's
Indicate the means by which carbon dioxide is carried in the blood.
Dissolved in plasma Converted to bicarbonate ion Bound to hemoglobin
Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
Esophagus Anal canal Mouth Oropharynx
True or false: Foreign particles, trapped by the mucus layer lining the trachea, remain in position in the trachea where they are phagocytized by macrophages.
False
In the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses in which direction?
From capillaries into alveoli
secretions of the stomach
Gastrin Mucus Intrinsic factor Hydrochloric acid Pepsinogen
one-way valve between the small intestine and the large intestine.
Ileocecal
What happens to the mucus layer lining the trachea that functions to trap foreign particles?
It is moved upward by cilia to the pharynx, then swallowed.
the structure that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
Lingual frenulum
Which movements of the digestive tract will help to propel food from one end of the digestive tract to the other?
Mass movements Peristalsis Deglutition
The auditory tube and pharyngeal tonsils are associated with which portion of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
What two areas does the hard palate separate?
Oral cavity and nasal cavity
structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
Oropharynx Mouth Esophagus Anal canal
types of enzymes secreted by the small intestine.
Peptidases Disaccharidases
The segment of the respiratory system that extends from the choanae to the larynx and functions as a passageway for air, food, and drink, but is also important in sound production, is called the
Pharynx
Which features are associated with the tracheal epithelium?
Pseudostratified columnar cells Mucous Goblet cells Cilia
Which region of the stomach connects to the small intestine?
Pyloric canal
Indicate the features that are associated with the larynx.
Thyroid and cricoid cartilages Vestibular and vocal folds Epiglottis and glottis
Functions of the respiratory system
Voice production Olfaction Regulation of blood pH
components of nasal septum
Vomer, septal cartilage, and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.
what are the 2 names for the outer most layer of the digestive tract
adventitia or serosa
The gastrointestinal tract is also called the
alimentary canal
The amount of air available for gas exchange per minute is the
alveolar ventilation
Which area lacks lymphatic vessels?
alveolar walls
The small, air-filled chambers where gases are exchanged in the lungs are called
alveoli
The enzyme produced by the lungs called angiotensin-converting enzyme is important in regulating
blood pressure
Airways less than 1 millimeter (mm) in diameter are classified as
bronchioles
The large intestine consists of the
cecum, colon, rectum
The taste, smell, or thought of food stimulates gastric secretions by activating the Blank______ phase of gastric regulation.
cephalic
In the nasal cavity, the bony ridges extending from the lateral walls are called
concha
The inferior portion of the larynx is formed by what cartilage.
cricoid
The inferior-most cartilage of the larynx is
cricoid
The process that moves a bolus from the oral cavity into the esophagus is called swallowing or
deglutition
The three sections of the small intestine, listed in order as food passes through, are the
duodenum jejunum ileum
The visible part of the nose is the
external nose
The function of intrinsic factor is to
facilitate absorption of vitamin B-12.
What normally passes through the laryngopharynx?
food and air
The C-shaped rings that support the trachea are composed of Blank______ tissue.
hyaline cartilage
The layer of the stomach that is not found in other digestive tract organs is
inner oblique layer
The inferior portion of the pharynx which begins at the level of the hyoid bone and opens into the esophagus and the larynx is the
laryngopharynx
The larynx is located between the
laryngopharynx and trachea
The thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, epiglottis vestibular folds, and vocal folds are associated with the
larynx
the main structure located between the laryngopharynx and the trachea.
larynx
4 muscles of mastication
masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
mechanical breakdown of food
mastication
A tunnel created by chonchae are called a
meatus
The enteric nervous system contains Blank______ neurons than the spinal cord.
more
The innermost layer of the digestive tract is called the
mucosa
The tunic of the digestive tract that forms its lining is the
mucosa
Which secretion protects the epithelial cells of the digestive tract from abrasion and digestive enzymes?
mucous
The left and right halves of the nasal cavity are divided by the
nasal septum
choanae are:
openings
The portion of the pharynx that extends from the soft palate to the epiglottis is the
oropharynx
3 large paired salivary glands are the
parotid, sublingual, submandibular
The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases (such as in air) is referred to as the Blank______ of that gas.
partial pressure
Teeth found in the adult mouth are called Blank______ teeth whereas teeth that are lost during childhood are called milk or Blank______ teeth.
permanent, deciduous
The tonsils found in the nasopharynx are the
pharyngeal
The structure that serves as an opening for both the respiratory and the digestive systems and extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx is the
pharynx
When air enters the pleural cavity through an opening in the thoracic wall, the resulting condition is called a
pneumothorax
The tissue that lines the lumen of the trachea is
pseudostratified
Peristaltic contractions that move chyme through the partially closed pyloric opening
pyloric pump
The Blank______ main bronchus is larger and more in line with the trachea, meaning that swallowed objects are Blank______ likely to lodge here.
right, more
During inspiration, air flows from lobar bronchi directly into
segmental bronchi
Mixing contractions in the small intestine are called
segmental contractions
What type of epithelium is found in alveoli?
simple squamous
When the paranasal sinuses become inflamed, the condition is called
sinusitis
Segmental contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominately in the
small intestine
The trachealis muscle is composed of Blank______ muscle.
smooth
Stomach secretion and stomach motility are controlled by neural mechanisms that respond to
stomach wall distension
The primary functions of the stomach are
store and mix chyme
The vestibule of the nasal cavity is lined with
stratified squamous
What type of epithelium lines the oropharynx?
stratified squamous epithelium
The salivary glands directly beneath the tongue are called
sublingual glands
The layer of the digestive tract that consists of connective tissue containing nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, small glands, and a network of nerve cells is the
submucosa
Segmental bronchi are also called
tertiary bronchi
The low pH of the the stomach is due to
the action of the proton pump
what is the largest part of the stomach
the body
Infant respiratory distress syndrome can develop in premature infants because
they do not produce enough surfactant
The pharynx is more commonly called the
throat
The prominent laryngeal cartilage that is often larger in males than females is the
thyroid cartilage
what factors effect stomach emptying
time and type
The large muscular organ that occupies most of the oral cavity proper is called the
tongue
Air is conducted from the larynx to the main (primary) bronchi by the
trachea
the digestive tract has 2 layers except for stomach wgich has 3. true or false
true
The structure that prevents swallowed food from entering into the nasopharynx is the
uvula
phases of deglutition in order from beginning to end.
voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal