Bio 215 HW Respritory

Indicate the means by which oxygen is carried in the blood.

Bound to hemoglobin Dissolved in plasma

As the volume of a closed container decreases, the pressure of the gas within it increases. This is an example of which gas law?

Boyles law

When touch receptors in the Blank______ are triggered, a cough occurs.

Carina

What is the opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx is called?

Choana

The total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of gases in the mixture is a summary of Blank______ law.

Dalton's

Indicate the means by which carbon dioxide is carried in the blood.

Dissolved in plasma Converted to bicarbonate ion Bound to hemoglobin

Identify the structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Esophagus Anal canal Mouth Oropharynx

True or false: Foreign particles, trapped by the mucus layer lining the trachea, remain in position in the trachea where they are phagocytized by macrophages.

False

In the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses in which direction?

From capillaries into alveoli

secretions of the stomach

Gastrin Mucus Intrinsic factor Hydrochloric acid Pepsinogen

one-way valve between the small intestine and the large intestine.

Ileocecal

What happens to the mucus layer lining the trachea that functions to trap foreign particles?

It is moved upward by cilia to the pharynx, then swallowed.

the structure that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth.

Lingual frenulum

Which movements of the digestive tract will help to propel food from one end of the digestive tract to the other?

Mass movements Peristalsis Deglutition

The auditory tube and pharyngeal tonsils are associated with which portion of the pharynx?

Nasopharynx

What two areas does the hard palate separate?

Oral cavity and nasal cavity

structures of the digestive tract that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Oropharynx Mouth Esophagus Anal canal

types of enzymes secreted by the small intestine.

Peptidases Disaccharidases

The segment of the respiratory system that extends from the choanae to the larynx and functions as a passageway for air, food, and drink, but is also important in sound production, is called the

Pharynx

Which features are associated with the tracheal epithelium?

Pseudostratified columnar cells Mucous Goblet cells Cilia

Which region of the stomach connects to the small intestine?

Pyloric canal

Indicate the features that are associated with the larynx.

Thyroid and cricoid cartilages Vestibular and vocal folds Epiglottis and glottis

Functions of the respiratory system

Voice production Olfaction Regulation of blood pH

components of nasal septum

Vomer, septal cartilage, and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.

what are the 2 names for the outer most layer of the digestive tract

adventitia or serosa

The gastrointestinal tract is also called the

alimentary canal

The amount of air available for gas exchange per minute is the

alveolar ventilation

Which area lacks lymphatic vessels?

alveolar walls

The small, air-filled chambers where gases are exchanged in the lungs are called

alveoli

The enzyme produced by the lungs called angiotensin-converting enzyme is important in regulating

blood pressure

Airways less than 1 millimeter (mm) in diameter are classified as

bronchioles

The large intestine consists of the

cecum, colon, rectum

The taste, smell, or thought of food stimulates gastric secretions by activating the Blank______ phase of gastric regulation.

cephalic

In the nasal cavity, the bony ridges extending from the lateral walls are called

concha

The inferior portion of the larynx is formed by what cartilage.

cricoid

The inferior-most cartilage of the larynx is

cricoid

The process that moves a bolus from the oral cavity into the esophagus is called swallowing or

deglutition

The three sections of the small intestine, listed in order as food passes through, are the

duodenum jejunum ileum

The visible part of the nose is the

external nose

The function of intrinsic factor is to

facilitate absorption of vitamin B-12.

What normally passes through the laryngopharynx?

food and air

The C-shaped rings that support the trachea are composed of Blank______ tissue.

hyaline cartilage

The layer of the stomach that is not found in other digestive tract organs is

inner oblique layer

The inferior portion of the pharynx which begins at the level of the hyoid bone and opens into the esophagus and the larynx is the

laryngopharynx

The larynx is located between the

laryngopharynx and trachea

The thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, epiglottis vestibular folds, and vocal folds are associated with the

larynx

the main structure located between the laryngopharynx and the trachea.

larynx

4 muscles of mastication

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

mechanical breakdown of food

mastication

A tunnel created by chonchae are called a

meatus

The enteric nervous system contains Blank______ neurons than the spinal cord.

more

The innermost layer of the digestive tract is called the

mucosa

The tunic of the digestive tract that forms its lining is the

mucosa

Which secretion protects the epithelial cells of the digestive tract from abrasion and digestive enzymes?

mucous

The left and right halves of the nasal cavity are divided by the

nasal septum

choanae are:

openings

The portion of the pharynx that extends from the soft palate to the epiglottis is the

oropharynx

3 large paired salivary glands are the

parotid, sublingual, submandibular

The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases (such as in air) is referred to as the Blank______ of that gas.

partial pressure

Teeth found in the adult mouth are called Blank______ teeth whereas teeth that are lost during childhood are called milk or Blank______ teeth.

permanent, deciduous

The tonsils found in the nasopharynx are the

pharyngeal

The structure that serves as an opening for both the respiratory and the digestive systems and extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx is the

pharynx

When air enters the pleural cavity through an opening in the thoracic wall, the resulting condition is called a

pneumothorax

The tissue that lines the lumen of the trachea is

pseudostratified

Peristaltic contractions that move chyme through the partially closed pyloric opening

pyloric pump

The Blank______ main bronchus is larger and more in line with the trachea, meaning that swallowed objects are Blank______ likely to lodge here.

right, more

During inspiration, air flows from lobar bronchi directly into

segmental bronchi

Mixing contractions in the small intestine are called

segmental contractions

What type of epithelium is found in alveoli?

simple squamous

When the paranasal sinuses become inflamed, the condition is called

sinusitis

Segmental contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominately in the

small intestine

The trachealis muscle is composed of Blank______ muscle.

smooth

Stomach secretion and stomach motility are controlled by neural mechanisms that respond to

stomach wall distension

The primary functions of the stomach are

store and mix chyme

The vestibule of the nasal cavity is lined with

stratified squamous

What type of epithelium lines the oropharynx?

stratified squamous epithelium

The salivary glands directly beneath the tongue are called

sublingual glands

The layer of the digestive tract that consists of connective tissue containing nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, small glands, and a network of nerve cells is the

submucosa

Segmental bronchi are also called

tertiary bronchi

The low pH of the the stomach is due to

the action of the proton pump

what is the largest part of the stomach

the body

Infant respiratory distress syndrome can develop in premature infants because

they do not produce enough surfactant

The pharynx is more commonly called the

throat

The prominent laryngeal cartilage that is often larger in males than females is the

thyroid cartilage

what factors effect stomach emptying

time and type

The large muscular organ that occupies most of the oral cavity proper is called the

tongue

Air is conducted from the larynx to the main (primary) bronchi by the

trachea

the digestive tract has 2 layers except for stomach wgich has 3. true or false

true

The structure that prevents swallowed food from entering into the nasopharynx is the

uvula

phases of deglutition in order from beginning to end.

voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal