BIO 2311: Chapter 10/11 MindTap

Which of these statements best explains how the second division of meiosis resembles mitosis? Sister chromatids separate in the first division and the resulting chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate randomly Chromosomes line up randomly at the metaphase plate and then sister chromatids separate Only haploid cells can align sister chromatids at the metaphase plate Homologous chromosomes go through synapsis before lining up at the metaphase plate

Chromosomes line up randomly at the metaphase plate and then sister chromatids separate

What role does meiosis play in the life cycle of animals? It facilitates asexual reproduction It creates gametes It allows growth It produces cells in developing embryos

It creates gametes

What would happen if both chromosomes of a homologous pair attach to a microtubule from one spindle pole? Nondisjunction Normal meiosis I will occur Synapsis will occur The cell would not progress to meiosis ll

Nondisjunction

Which of the following best describes anaphase II of meiosis? Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate. Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart. Crossing over occurs, during which sections of homologous chromosomes are swapped. Sister chromatids are pulled apart.

Sister chromatids are pulled apart.

Which of the following occurs during interkinesis? Synapsis occurs Crossing-over occurs The spindle disassembles and reforms DNA replicates

The spindle disassembles and reforms

In an alternation of generations life cycle, sperm produced by an individual share the following characteristics? Select all that apply. They are few in number They are the product of meiosis They are all diploid They are all genetically identical

They are all genetically identical

The result of independent assortment is gametes that each contain _____. all of the maternal chromosomes different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes all of the paternal chromosomes all of the maternal and paternal chromosomes

different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes

How many different daughter cells (in terms of chromosome combinations) are possible after meiosis for a 2⁢n=6 cell (ignoring crossing-over)? Four Two Sixteen Eight

eight

A diploid cell contains pairs of ____ chromosomes, which are ______ to one another.

homologous; similar

Mitosis is most similar to the ______ phase of meiosis.

second

Which source of genetic variation creates individual chromosomes that are a combination of maternal and paternal genes? Crossing over Fertilization Independent assortment Mutation

Crossing over

After meiosis, the chromosomes of each daughter cell are no longer the same as the chromosomes of the original cell or the chromosomes of the other daughter cells. This is because of which of the following events? Nondisjunction Fertilization Crossing-over Synapsis

Crossing-over

Which of the following occur in both mitosis and meiosis? Select all that apply. Cytokinesis Separation of sister chromatids Crossing over Separation of homologous chromosomes

Cytokinesis Separation of sister chromatids

A diploid cell undergoes meiosis to yield how many haploid cells? Two genetically different cells Four genetically different cells Two genetically identical cells Four genetically identical cells

Four genetically different cells

At the end of meiosis I, before meiosis II begins, what is the ploidy of each cell? Haploid Haploid or diploid, depending on the ploidy of the original cell Diploid Nondisjunct ploidy

Haploid

What is the result of meiosis in plants? Zygotes Haploid spores Diploid gametes Haploid gametes

Haploid spores

Which of the following is the other major source of genetic variation in meiosis besides the shuffling of alleles during crossing-over? Fertilization Nondisjunction Decondensing of chromosomes in telophase II Independent assortment of chromosomes

Independent assortment of chromosomes

In those fungi where no multicellular diploid phase occurs, how does meiosis occur? Meiosis occurs in spores Meiosis occurs in the zygote to form spores Meiosis does not occur Meiosis occurs in the sporophyte

Meiosis occurs in the zygote to form spores

During which phase(s) are chromosomes lined up single-file along the center of the cell? Select all that apply. Metaphase II of meiosis Interphase Metaphase of mitosis Metaphase I of meiosis

Metaphase II of meiosis Metaphase of mitosis

Which of these is a key difference between anaphase I and anaphase II of meiosis? Only anaphase II reduces the chromosome number Separase is only active in cleaving cohesins in anaphase II Only in anaphase I are sister chromatids separated The amount of DNA moving toward each spindle pole is less in anaphase II than in anaphase I

The amount of DNA moving toward each spindle pole is less in anaphase II than in anaphase I

Which characteristics must be found among animals that undergo meiosis? Select all that apply. They must have homologous pairs of chromosomes They must produce haploid zygotes They must be diploid before undergoing meiosis They must have a reduced number of chromosomes

They must have homologous pairs of chromosomes They must be diploid before undergoing meiosis

A heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's gamete is an example of _____. fertilization independent assortment segregation of chromosomes a mutation that can be passed on

a mutation that can be passed on

During ____ , a diploid cell undergoes genome duplication and a single division producing two _____ daughter cells.

mitosis, diploid