BIO 300 #6 Acellular Pathogens

Viruses that infect bacterial cells are known as ________.

bacteriophages

Arthropods typically serve as which mechanism of transmission for viruses? biological vector fomite mechanical vector both as fomites and as vectors

biological vector

Reverse transcriptase is used to generate which nucleic acid from RNA? cDNA dsRNA (+)ssRNA (−)ssRNA

cDNA

The protein subunits that surround the nucleic acid of a virus are known as which of the following? amino acids capsomeres chromatins telomeres

capsomeres

How is kuru transmitted? bloodborne transmission contaminated neurosurgical instruments eating contaminated cattle meat eating infected meat through cannibalism (eating "long pig")

eating infected meat through cannibalism (eating "long pig")

The excision of the viral genome from the host chromosome is known as which of the following? induction lysogeny phage conversion transduction

induction

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, are caused by which of the following? bacterium fungus prion virus

prion

In the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophages, the integrated phage genome is known as which of the following? prophage provirus virioid virion

prophage

In retroviruses, the integrated phage genome is known as which of the following? prophage provirus virioid virion

provirus

Which of the following is a novel enzyme found in retroviruses? forward transcriptase retrotranscriptase reverse transcriptase Taq polymerase

reverse transcriptase

Chicken pox can reemerge as which disease? cowpox genital warts shingles smallpox

shingles

Which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer relies on the use of viruses? conjugation mutation transduction transformation

transduction

A zoonosis can only be transmitted from animals to humans. True False

False

There is a cure for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. True False

False

Viruses are facultative intracellular pathogens. True False

False

Most plant viruses do not kill their host. True False

True

Which of the following is the scientist responsible for first discovering viruses (specifically, tobacco mosaic virus)...even though he called it a small bacteria or spore? Edward Jenner Dimitri Ivanovski Henrietta Lacks Stanley Prusiner

Dimitri Ivanovski

Prion diseases cannot be transmitted from one generation to the next (vertical transmission). True False

False

Match the virus family to its clinical features: Herpesviridae Papillomaviridae Parvoviridae Picornaviridae Poxviridae hepatitis respiratory tract infections cold sores and/or genital warts skin lesions penile and/or cervical cancer

Herpesviridae= cold sores and/or genital warts Papillomaviridae= penile and/or cervical cancer Parvoviridae= respiratory tract infections Picornaviridae= hepatitis Poxviridae= skin lesions

Which of the following is not a property of a virus? It is an infectious cellular pathogen. It is an obligate intracellular pathogen. Its genome consists of DNA or RNA. Its genome is surrounded by a protein capsid.

It is an infectious cellular pathogen.

Who first described the virus as "virus" as some kind of "biological toxic chemical", but appears to not get credit most likely because he was widely perceived as being a jerk...though that's just my speculation? Dimitri Ivanovski Benjamin Franklin Martinus Beijerinck Wendell Meredith Stanley

Martinus Beijerinck

(−)ssRNA is transcribed into (+)ssRNA using which of the following? DNA polymerase encoded by the host cell DNA polymerase encoded by the virus RNA polymerase encoded by the host cell RNA polymerase encoded by the virus

RNA polymerase encoded by the virus

Which of the following viruses does not cause latent infections? Epstein-Barr virus herpes simplex virus varicella-zoster virus adenovirus

adenovirus

A bacteriophage infects a host cell and the genome integrates itself into the host chromosome. Sometime later, the phage is excised along with a short piece of DNA adjacent to the insertion point. Both the phage DNA and the host DNA are packaged into the same capsid. The bacteriophage then infects a new cell, delivering both phage and bacterial DNA. Which process is being described in this scenario? The lysogenic cycle, reactivating as the lytic cycle, followed by generalized transduction The lysogenic cycle, reactivating as the lytic cycle, followed by specialized transduction The lytic cycle, reactivating as the lysogenic cycle, followed by generalized transduction The lytic cycle, reactivating as the lysogenic cycle, followed by specialized transduction

The lysogenic cycle, reactivating as the lytic cycle, followed by specialized transduction

(+)ssRNA can be directly used in translation at the ribosome. True False

True