Bio Ch. 6

Structure A is ____ https://session.masteringbiology.com/problemAsset/1143971/7/0922q.jpg

ATP synthase

Part complete The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

Which of the following best describes the electron transport chain?

Electrons pass from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step.

Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?

FADH2

Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is FALSE?

Glycolysis evolved in an oxygen-rich environment.

Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is false?

Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic system because it is the most efficient metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis.

In cellular respiration, organic molecules become oxidized as ____ picks up electrons and H+ and becomes reduced to NADH.

NAD+

The end products of glycolysis include

NADH

an electron carrier, such as __________, acts as an energy-storage molecule when it is __________.

NADH ... reduced

During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.

NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space

Which of the following statements regarding the movement of electrons during cellular respiration is true?

O2 is reduced when it accepts electrons and forms water.

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields about 12 ATP molecules.

NADH pills can be purchased over the counter and are often taken by sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). What is the hypothesis about how these pills might benefit a CFS patient?

They would increase the number of electrons provided to the electron transport chain.

Through respiration, humans breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2. However, what would happen if we did not breathe in O2?

We would not make enough ATP to meet our energy requirements

The transfer of ________ from one molecule to another is an oxidation-reduction reaction, or redox reaction.

electrons

The function of cellular respiration is to _____.

extract usable energy from glucose

Humans use the calories they obtain from ________ as their source of energy.

food

Pyruvate

forms at the end of glycolysis

during cellular respiration __________ is oxidized and __________ is reduced.

glucose...oxygen

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism

glycolysis

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

We inhale O2 and we exhale CO2. Carbon dioxide is produced __________.

in the reaction that creates acetyl CoA (coenzyme A) from pyruvate

During cellular respiration, energy in glucose

is carried by electrons

Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.

is gas exchange; produces ATP

The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.

kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient

In muscle cells, fermentation produces _____.

lactate and NAD+

Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.

loss of electrons; gain of electrons

The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary. During these energy conversions, some energy is

lost in the form of heat.

Bacteria have no membrane-enclosed organelles. However, some still generate ATP through cellular respiration. Where might the electron transport chain be found in these organisms?

plasma membrane

The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except

pyruvate

In eukaryotes, most of the high-energy electrons released from glucose by cellular respiration __________.

reduce NAD+ to NADH, which then delivers them to the electron transport chain

In cellular respiration, oxygen becomes ______ to water (H2O) as it gains electrons (in hydrogen atoms) that came from glucose

reduced

Which step of the citric acid cycle requires NAD+ and ADP as reactants? https://session.masteringbiology.com/problemAsset/1775185/2/c06_01.jpg

step 3

In the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle), ATP molecules are produced by _____.

substrate-level phosphorylation

The energy released from the redox reactions in the electron transport chain is used by the cell to make

ATP

In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?

ATP

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.

10

As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of ________ ATP(s)

2

How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?

2

How many molecules of NADH are produced during one round of glycolysis?

2

In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.

2

Part complete The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like

a limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom

Which of these enters the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?

acetyl CoA

Which of these is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?

acetyl CoA

By-products of cellular respiration include

carbon dioxide and water

Most NADH molecules generated during cellular respiration are produced during __________.

citric acid cycle

In nutrient-rich environments (like your mouth), bacteria can use the provided amino acids to synthesize their proteins. However, should the environmental conditions change and become nutrient-poor, bacteria would need to synthesize their amino acids. They can do this using __________.

citric acid cycle intermediates

In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.

oxidative phosphorylation

In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by _____.

oxidative phosphorylation

In cellular respiration, glucose becomes __________ to carbon dioxide (CO2) as it loses electrons (in hydrogen atoms).

oxidized

In the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is

oxygen

NADH delivers electrons to an electron transport chain, which passes the electrons through carrier molecules in a series of redox reactions to the final electron acceptor, _________

oxygen

The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.

oxygen