Bio Ch. 6
Structure A is ____ https://session.masteringbiology.com/problemAsset/1143971/7/0922q.jpg
ATP synthase
Part complete The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
Which of the following best describes the electron transport chain?
Electrons pass from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step.
Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?
FADH2
Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is FALSE?
Glycolysis evolved in an oxygen-rich environment.
Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is false?
Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic system because it is the most efficient metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis.
In cellular respiration, organic molecules become oxidized as ____ picks up electrons and H+ and becomes reduced to NADH.
NAD+
The end products of glycolysis include
NADH
an electron carrier, such as __________, acts as an energy-storage molecule when it is __________.
NADH ... reduced
During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.
NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space
Which of the following statements regarding the movement of electrons during cellular respiration is true?
O2 is reduced when it accepts electrons and forms water.
Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?
Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields about 12 ATP molecules.
NADH pills can be purchased over the counter and are often taken by sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). What is the hypothesis about how these pills might benefit a CFS patient?
They would increase the number of electrons provided to the electron transport chain.
Through respiration, humans breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2. However, what would happen if we did not breathe in O2?
We would not make enough ATP to meet our energy requirements
The transfer of ________ from one molecule to another is an oxidation-reduction reaction, or redox reaction.
electrons
The function of cellular respiration is to _____.
extract usable energy from glucose
Humans use the calories they obtain from ________ as their source of energy.
food
Pyruvate
forms at the end of glycolysis
during cellular respiration __________ is oxidized and __________ is reduced.
glucose...oxygen
Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
glycolysis
During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?
glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
We inhale O2 and we exhale CO2. Carbon dioxide is produced __________.
in the reaction that creates acetyl CoA (coenzyme A) from pyruvate
During cellular respiration, energy in glucose
is carried by electrons
Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.
is gas exchange; produces ATP
The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.
kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient
In muscle cells, fermentation produces _____.
lactate and NAD+
Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.
loss of electrons; gain of electrons
The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary. During these energy conversions, some energy is
lost in the form of heat.
Bacteria have no membrane-enclosed organelles. However, some still generate ATP through cellular respiration. Where might the electron transport chain be found in these organisms?
plasma membrane
The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except
pyruvate
In eukaryotes, most of the high-energy electrons released from glucose by cellular respiration __________.
reduce NAD+ to NADH, which then delivers them to the electron transport chain
In cellular respiration, oxygen becomes ______ to water (H2O) as it gains electrons (in hydrogen atoms) that came from glucose
reduced
Which step of the citric acid cycle requires NAD+ and ADP as reactants? https://session.masteringbiology.com/problemAsset/1775185/2/c06_01.jpg
step 3
In the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle), ATP molecules are produced by _____.
substrate-level phosphorylation
The energy released from the redox reactions in the electron transport chain is used by the cell to make
ATP
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?
ATP
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.
10
As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of ________ ATP(s)
2
How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?
2
How many molecules of NADH are produced during one round of glycolysis?
2
In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.
2
Part complete The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like
a limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom
Which of these enters the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?
acetyl CoA
Which of these is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?
acetyl CoA
By-products of cellular respiration include
carbon dioxide and water
Most NADH molecules generated during cellular respiration are produced during __________.
citric acid cycle
In nutrient-rich environments (like your mouth), bacteria can use the provided amino acids to synthesize their proteins. However, should the environmental conditions change and become nutrient-poor, bacteria would need to synthesize their amino acids. They can do this using __________.
citric acid cycle intermediates
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.
oxidative phosphorylation
In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by _____.
oxidative phosphorylation
In cellular respiration, glucose becomes __________ to carbon dioxide (CO2) as it loses electrons (in hydrogen atoms).
oxidized
In the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is
oxygen
NADH delivers electrons to an electron transport chain, which passes the electrons through carrier molecules in a series of redox reactions to the final electron acceptor, _________
oxygen
The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.
oxygen