bio final

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a biological catalyst

An enzyme is:

diffusion

The natural tendency of molecules to move from higher to lower concentrations is:

thymine, guanine

The nitrogen base pairs in the DNA molecule are: adenine and cytosine and

morphology

The taxon "species" may be defined by the following two concepts: reproductive isolation and

false

The taxonomic classification of all organisms is certain.

silicon

The tiny exoskeleton of a diatom is mostly composed of

true

Twenty-three is the haploid number of chromosomes in man.

zygote

a fertilized egg

organismal theory

a functioning organism represents life

Penicillium chrysogenum

a fungi known for the production of an antibiotic

kind

a group of organisms that are capable of reproducing more of that group

peptidoglycan

A bacteria culture that has a high concentration of ___________ in the cell wall will stain Gram-positive.

initially by meiosis, then by mitosis

By what reproductive mechanism does a haplontic animal grow?

speed up

Catalysts and enzymes are known to __________________a chemical reaction, but not be consumed in the reaction.

diploid

Cells or organisms having pairs of homologous chromosomes are:

meristematic

Cells that multiply and produce growth at various parts of a plant are:

a molecule may consist of two similar elements chemically bonded and A compound consists of two or more distinct atoms

Check the correct statements regarding a compound and a molecule:

complex information and detailed instructions

Genetic codes contain:

false

If the parent genotypes are Aa and Aa, only two possible genotypes are among the offspring.

outer

In bonding of any type, the___________ level electrons are involved.

outer energy level electrons are gained and lost

In the process of ionic bonding:

subjective

Interpretations based upon emotions or opinion are considered:

inorganic

Ionic bonds usually hold _________ compounds together.

fixity of species

Linnaeus

cytoplasm

Protoplasm consists of the chemicals contained within the plasma ____________ and nucleus.

False

Ribosomal RNA is produced in the cytoplasm.

false

Ribosomes are made from RNA.

false

Starch is a monosaccharide.

?????

Two characteristics of dicots are:

mitral

between the left atrium and the left ventricle

aortic

between the left ventricle and the aorta

tricuspid

between the right atrium and the right ventricle

pulmonary

between the right ventricle and the lungs

amino acids

building blocks of proteins

nucleus

control center of the cell

plasma membrane

controls what comes into and goes out of the cell

false

The lungs contain elastic muscle tissue to permit inhalation.

mutation and change

The mismatch of a DNA base pair during duplication can result in a _____.

genetic variability

The most significant characteristic of sexual reproduction is:

gametes

The only haploid cells in an organism are the

acts as a selective gatekeeper

The plasma membrane of a human cell:

3:1

phenotype ratio

bb

recessive alleles

lysis

self-regulating process to maintain water level

virulence

the ability of a virus to cause disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

the bacteria responsible for Lyme Disease

family

the name given to the 5th taxo

Taxonomy

the science of classification

taxonomy

the science of classification

Phytophthera infestans

the water mold that causes late blight in potatoes

fertilization

union of egg and sperm

the process when green plants and some organisms use sunlight for foods from carbon dioxide and water.

what is photosynthesis?

electrons of a neutral atom always equal the number of protons

which statement is correct?

amino acids

Proteins are made up of chemical compounds known as:

budding

asexual reproduction of yeast by pinching-off

sparrow

the common name of a bird species

viroid

A pathogenic RNA molecule is called a

it contains coded information

What characteristic is completely unique about DNA?

population

all organisms of a kind in an area

they all contain C, O, H and the ratio of H to C is fixed at 2:1

Concerning carbohydrates that form from photosynthesis:

attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, release

List the five steps of a lytic viral replication cycle in order.

false

Man has a haploid life cycle.

X ^bX^ b X^ b Y

Mark the genotypes which express hemophilia.

true

Meiosis has two divisions.

false

Taxonomy is a rigorous, objective science.

vacuole

large storage structures

kingdom

the largest taxon

kidney

The primary organ responsible for eliminating liquid waste is the

false

The protoplasm and cytoplasm of a plant are interchangeable terms.

low

The relative concentration of water in a hypertonic solution is:

true

The simplest operational cell is still more complex than a computer.

electrons

The subatomic particles/ units which govern potential chemical reactions among elements are:

Epiglottis

The tissue which diverts food from the trachea upon swallowing is the

ribonucleic acid

The transfer of information from the nucleus to organelles is accomplished by:

radius, ulna

The two bones of the lower arm are:

xylem phloem

The vascular cambium cells differentiate into:

wheat

Today's most widely grown food is:

false

Viruses are capable of replication outside the host cell.

liquid, gas

Water found in animal and human cells is most often found in the _______ phase of matter, and oxygen is found in the _______ phase of matter.

input of energy

What is necessary for reactants to combine chemically?

produces reproductive organs which produce a zygote

What is the function of the gametophyte generation of the fern plant?

filter and purify interstitial liquid returning to the blood

What is the function of the lymph nodes?

short stem

What primary genetic characteristic of wheat dramatically helped wheat production in India?

Blood coming from the cells releases CO 2 and Blood going to cells receives O 2

What takes place through the tissues of the alveoli?

3/4 dominant and 1/4 recessive

What will be the results in the F2 generation after a monohybrid cross?

two molecules are formed, each with an original "upright"

When DNA is duplicated during mitosis:

variations are limited to the confines of a particular taxon, observable changes from one basic kind into another have never been documented

Observations from plant breeding and animal husbandry over thousands of years has shown:

budding

Offspring which arise as a contiguous outgrowth of the parent is called __________

true

One definition of plant life is an uninterrupted succession of cells.

false

One of the main problems of finding a better system of taxonomy is the shortage of kinds of plants and animals to identify.

more info

One of the needs of today's taxonomy is:

true

One reason fungi are no longer classified as plants is the presence of chitin in their cell walls.

true

Organic compounds form polymers.

true

Organic compounds usually contain many atoms.

cell wall

Peptidoglycan is the material found in the bacterial ____________ that forms a molecular basis of the Gram stain.

binary fission

asexual reproduction in which the parent cell divides in two

multiple alleles

The condition whereby a trait is determined by three or more alleles is called

ligaments; tendons

The connective tissue that attaches bone to bone is called __________ and muscle to bone is called ________________.

true

The created "kinds" like "species" is not easy to define

Linnaeus

The currently used binomial nomenclature was developed by _____.

false

The facts of why onion cells produce an onion and not a walnut are well known to scientists.

robert hooke

The first man to describe plant cells was an English physicist named

was introduced during the Renaissance

The first use of using two words as a scientific name:

false

The four organic molecules found in organisms are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and amino acids.

a paired combination of genes

The genotype represents:

small intestine

The liver and pancreas are connected to the:

paralysis

The loss of muscle function due to muscle disease or disease in the nervous system may cause _____.

fruit

The matured ovary of a plant is a:

halophiles

The members of the kingdom Archaea that live in the Dead Sea are known as

false

The meristematic cells of a carrot could produce a tree or an elephant just as easily.

normal flora

The microorganisms commonly found living on the human skin are known as

Agaricus bisporis

common mushrooms found in grocery stores

when the ventricles relax and fill with blood

diastole is:

BB

dominant "pure breed"

cell theory

each cell possesses a life of its own

archegonium

egg-producing organ in lower plants

false

energy plus matter is sufficient for continued development of order, complexity or growth.

chlorophyll

green pigmented chemical

kind

group of organisms with similar characteristics

Bb

hybrid letters

taxa

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

stomate

leaf opening

fermentation

no oxygen

aerobic

oxygen present

cytoplasm

all cellular material outside the nucleus

pathogen

an organism or substance that causes disease

epidermis

an outer covering of cells

cell wall

outer covering around plant cell made of fibrous material

true

Asexual reproduction always yields offspring which are identical to their parent.

root

A successful cutting requires that the new plant acquire its own _________

The decomposition reaction is:

AB A + B

false

Between five and ten different types of cells are in the human body.

nucleic acid

Identify the substance. DNA

the components separate into ions

When salts are dissolved in water:

the sample must have a high probability of representing the population

When using data from population genetics research:

motile

able to move independently

species

defined according to reproductive isolation and morphology

organism

functional plant or animal

oxygen

gas produced in photosynthesis

genetic recombination

Adaptation is possible due to the known mechanism of:

sugar beets

Agronomists have developed two foods that were meant specifically to increase the food supply. They are triticale and

true

Algin is a useful substance derived from brown algae.

gametes

All cells within an organism will have the same number of chromosomes except the

sex

All chromosomes in a diploid cell come in matched pairs except the __________ chromosomes

true

All living things depend upon a genetic code for reproduction.

autosomes

All paired chromosomes which are similar within an organism, except the sex chromosomes, are called _____.

false

All the subatomic particles participate in chemical reactions.

true

All variations within organisms can be explained by the known principles of genetics.

12

An atom that has twelve protons in its nucleus has an atomic number of:

true

An example of parallel choices in a key is "A. flower color is red; AA. flower color is blue."

pupa

An insect is called a ____________during the period of inactivity associated with complete metamorphosis.

proteins

Antibodies, certain hormones, and hemoglobin are all:

organism

Any functional plant or animal with interrelated parts is considered as a(n)

true

Aristotle classified animals into those with red blood and those with nonred blood.

true

As the sample size gets larger, the ratio of the results obtained approaches the theoretical prediction.

transformation

Bacteria share genetic material through the processes of bacterial conjugation, transduction and ________

pulmonary arteries

Blood flowing to the lungs from the heart flows through the

mitosis

By what mechanism does a diplontic animal grow?

mitosis

Cancer is a common disease characterized by uncontrolled

false

Carbohydrates always contain protein.

true

Carbon dioxide levels above normal will increase plant growth.

true

Carbon is ideally suited to form covalent bonds.

respiration, digestion, excretion, reproduction

Choose from the following list the four organ systems which are operational in a amoeba.

gymnosperms

Cone bearing plants are classified as ___________

false

Current scientific methods can conclusively distinguish between all microorganisms

deoxyribose, ribose

DNA is different from RNA in its function and also in its structure. DNA contains _______________ sugar and RNA contains______________ sugar.

parenchyma

Differentiated cells which take on the function of food storage are:

genetics

the science of heredity

genetics

the science of heredity (inheritance)

hyphae

Multicellular fungi are composed of thread-like structures called ___________ which group together to form mycelia to perform specific functions.

false

Nearly all the mass of plants comes from well fertilized soil.

a homologous pair

Normally, how many chromosomes are required to determine the outward expression of a trait?

true

Objective evidence is available to "weight" the pro's and con's of origin models.

host

a plant or animal that supports a parasite

Plasmodium vivax

a protozoan known to cause malaria

haploid

Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gamete cells with a _____ number of chromosomes.

false

Members of the kingdom Eubacteria are eukaryotes.

anaerobic

Methanogens are able to live in an __________ enviorment

asexual

Mitosis is a form of ____________ reproduction.

false

Most cells remain functioning throughout the duration of the organism by the maintenance function of mitosis.

between pollination and fertilization

About one year is required in the gymnosperm:

cell, organism

According to the Cell Theory, the ____________ is the basic unit of life; according to the Organismal Theory the _____________ is the basic unit.

the release of energy

A chemical reaction in your body in which bonds are broken is associated with:

monohybrid

A cross between plants which differ in only one trait is a _______ cross

plants

A division is always associated with :

false

A frog has experienced complete metamorphosis from a tadpole.

a dictionary

A good example of an artificial system of classification is:

false

A halophile is responsible for spoiling juices.

viral budding

A host cell releases viruses that typically have a lipid covering called an envelope through the process of

false

A hydrogen bond is completed by the transfer of its sole electron to another element.

false

A kingdom may be subdivided into only one Phylum.

fighting disease by phagocytosis or antibody production

A leukocyte is responsible for:

gamete

A male or female reproductive cell is called a

key

A sorting device that is useful in classifying by observation is a:

true

A system of evolutionary taxonomy is structured on the premise of "no plan, purpose or design" regarding the development of organisms.

protein

A virion is able to recognize the correct host cell when the receptor site of the virion and the viral attachment ________ of the host cell match up.

false

A virus is a prokaryote.

Decomposition

A(n) _________ reaction occurs when ionic or covalent bonds are broken and elements, ions, or simpler molecules are formed.

ATP

ADP + 1 high-energy phosphate

true

Evolution theory is based on the supposition that energy plus matter plus natural chemical reactions are sufficient to ultimately produce functioning interrelated complex systems.

rickettsia and viruses

Examples of obligate intracellular parasites that can only replicate inside a host cell are:

true

Genetic information is passed from parent to offspring in the form of DNA molecules.

kingdom ,division, class, order, family, genus, species

Give the taxa for the kingdom "Plantae" from general to specific.

false

Heterozygous genes will always display the recessive trait.

plants usually continue to grow throughout their existence additional numbers of cells are not needed in most animals after maturity

How does mitosis differ in plants and many animals?

lipid

Identify the substance. cholesterol

protein

Identify the substance. hemoglobin

carbohydrate

Identify the substance. sugar

true

If you develop a particular flower which cannot be reproduced from seeds, it could be preserved by grafting.

true

In ancient times people classified plants and animals by use.

noun;adjective

In binomial nomenclature, the genus functions as a(n)_________ , and the species functions as a(n) ____________

true

Plants are living organisms.

angiosperms

Plants which produce their gametes in flowers are called:

false

Problems of world hunger are due to the green plant's inability to produce more food.

Ribosomes in plants and animals

Proteins are made by:

Chromosomes, Genes, DNA

Reproduction by mitosis duplicates:

glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport

Respiration occurs in three stages, in order:

the presence or absence of a particular erythrocyte protein

Rh blood factor is determined by:

false

Simple cell division of both plants and animals is an identical process.

bacteria

Some leukocytes absorb entire ___________ particles by the process of phagocytosis.

decomposition

Starch being broken down into sugar in the body is a(n)_____________ reaction.

units of C 6H 12O 6

Starch is made up of:

Rr only

Suppose you have pea plants (one trait is dominant over the other) in your garden and find that they produce round seed (R) to wrinkled seeds (r) in the ratio of 3:1. What is the probable genotypes of the round seeds, the P generation, which produced the F1 generation?

common ancestry and similarities of different species

Systems of taxonomy have been established according to the notion of::

paired nitrogen bases

The "steps" of the DNA ladder are made of:

mitochondria

The Krebs cycle takes place within the :

stock

The _________ is the portion of a plant with the root system used in grafting.

true

The absorption of oxygen into individual cells is part of cellular respiration.

conform to established scientific laws

The biblical concepts concerning creation:

codominance

The blood type AB is an example of

decomposition

The breakdown of a polysaccharide into monosaccharides is an example of _____.

false

The cell is not capable of maintaining itself.

cells

The circulatory system removes waste products from:

colors, shape, structure, physical traits

The classification of species by morphology involves:

the amount of carbon dioxide will decrease

When a plant doesn't have enough water, it will wilt and _____ .

bases

When a substance dissociates into OH- ions, they are classified as _______

an artificial system

When a system of classification is based on observation of a predetermined set of factors, it is called:

regeneration

When an animal or plant of many cells breaks up into two or more parts, and when these parts survive to produce a new organism, reproduction occurs by

true

When fats decompose in an organism, energy is released.

from the atmosphere

Where do plants obtain the oxygen necessary to utilize foods?

morphology

Which of the two methods for determining the species taxon would involve greater subjectivity?

RNA reads and translates the DNA code

Which statement correctly relates to DNA and RNA?

CO 2 diffuses passively out of the cell O 2 diffuses passively when converted to CO 2

Which statement(s) corresponds to cellular respiration?

most are monosaccharides and quick source of energy

Which statements are correct relative to carbohydrates?

variations remain within created kinds, all genetic information comes from preexisting genes

Which statements correspond correctly to sexual reproduction?

similar bacteria or protozoa which group together

Which statements describe organisms referred to as "colonial"?

out of

Which way will water flow for the following external solutions? hypertonic: ________ of the cell

because it is capable of forming multiple covalent bonds

Why can carbon bond to many elements simultaneously?

to control the crossing of the traits

Why did Mendel prevent his plants from self-pollinating?

because it consists of numerous interdependent subunits and because coded information cannot arise from random processes

Why is a cell analogous to an engineered watch?

because the external water concentration is greater and because the external salt concentration is less

Why will external fluid flow into a plant cell?

Phospholipids

_____ help the cell membrane to conserve internal fluids.

artificial

__________filtration of the blood is called dialysis.

rhizome

a __________ is a horizontal stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to roots or stems.

a group of organs which perform a common function

a body system consists of

karenia brevis

a dinoflagellate responsible for red tide off the Florida coast

population

a group of organisms living in an area

small intestine

a group of organs which perform a common function

symbiosis

a mutually positive arrangement between species

Homeostasis

self-regulating process to maintain water level

cytokinesis

separation of two ends of an old cell

conjugation

sexual reproduction in some protozoans

nucleolus

small structure(s) within nucleus

all the cells of an organism except the gametes

somatic cells include

a very old science

taxonomy is:

fermentation

the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones

binomial nomenclature

two named system that includes Genus and species


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