Bio midterm
pH neutral
7
Which statement describes a failure of homeostasis in humans?
A viral infection leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells being produced in the body.
Chlorophyll
Absorbs sunlight during photosynthesis
allergy
Caused by an overreaction to a non-harmful substance.
Nephron Function
Clean the blood. Take out bad and put good stuff back.
ureter
Conducts urine to the urinary bladder
Monosaccharides bonded are.
Disaccharides
lungs
Excretory organ because it removes Carbon Dioxide
True or False: only animal cells have chloroplast.
False.
Respiration
If the oxygen level surrounding an organism is decreasing, that would be proof that the organism is going through what process?
Which change is an example of maintaining dynamic equilibrium?
Insulin is released when glucose levels in the blood are high.
photosynthesis
The process that adds oxygen gas to the atmosphere is
job
a function is a
A broad body of evidence, subject to revisions, supported by different kinds of scientific investigations and often involving the contributions of scientists from different disciplines is necessary to develop
a theory
The movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration is an example of the process of
active transport
protein building blocks
amino acids (20)
Lobsters prey on sea hares, which are marine animals. The lobsters find their prey through a sense of smell. The sea hares defend themselves by squirting ink at the lobster. The ink sticks to the lobster, interfering with its sense of smell. The most likely reason the sea hare can escape is because the sea hare ink
blocks a receptor on certain cells in the lobster
Central Nervous System (CNS)
brain and spinal cord
oxygen
brain cells need _____ to create energy
Organic molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
A child with cystic fibrosis has an altered protein in his cells that stops chloride ions from leaving the cells. This protein most likely affects the functioning of
cell membrane
The respiratory system of an elephant functions in a similar way to which organelle in a single-celled organism?
cell membrane
mitochondria
cellular respiration occurs in the
synthesis
combination (build up)
nucleus
controls the cell
stomate
controls the exchange of gas levels in a plant
The most likely result of completely removing carbon dioxide from the environment of a plant is that sugar production will
decrease and eventually stop
pH
determines the function of an enzyme.
Each of the disaccharide structures is simple sugars but have different functions in
digestion and synthesis
enzymes control
digestion and synthesis
Temperature
each enzyme has an optimal _________ at which it functions, below it enzyme rate decreases.
Organisms contain compounds such as proteins, starches, and fats. The chemical bonds in these compounds can be a source of
energy
Hydrolysis
enzymes bonding to water, will break down into its building blocks.
glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
formula for cellular respiration
water+ carbon dioxide = glucose + oxygen
formula for photosynthesis
sucrose contains.
glucose and fructose
lactose contains.
glucose and galactose
maltose contains.
glucose and glucose
Lipids building blocks
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Enzymes
large complex protein molecules with a distinct shape to their outer surface
pH of an acid is
less than 7
insulin
lowers blood sugar
Increased concern over the number of heat-related illness among football players has led to a possible change in uniform design. Shoulder pads were designed that constantly blew cool, dry air underneath the shoulder pads. Tests showed that the use of the device during rest and recovery periods resulted in a reduction of body temperature and heart rate. This new device would help the athlete to
maintain homeostasis.
Most of the reactants by which energy from carbohydrates is released for use by the cell take place within the
mitochondria
When a bird senses a threat by a predator, they vomit and cover themselves with a foul-smelling liquid. Which two systems work together to alert the bird of danger and help to produce the vomit?
nervous and digestive
chloroplasts
photosynthesis occurs in the organelle called.
Which life function is not necessary for an individual organism to stay alive?
reproduction
cell membrane
separates sell contents from the outside, contains cell receptors.
Carbohydrates building blocks
simple sugars
As blood glucose levels increase, hormones are released to return glucose levels to normal. This is an example of
stimuli and response
vacuole
storage of food and water
Enzymes can bind to :
substrates: ex protein, sugar, fats ex: proteins, fats, sugars
Rejection of a newly transplanted organ is caused by
the immune system reacting to the presence of an organ.
A student performed an experiment to see if water temperature affects the level of activity in aquatic snails. The student set up four tanks with five snails in each tank. All four of the setups were identical in every way, except for the temperature of the water. In order to make the conclusions more valid, the student could
use a larger number of snails
ribosomes
where protein synthesis occurs