Bio Quiz 1
What does polar mean?
A molecule with regions having different charges
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions are prevented from occured at a rapid rate at all times by the presence of an _____ energy barrier
Activation
The element _____ is found in all living organisms
Carbon
_______ evidence for hypotheses consist of individual's claims about "what worked for them" and is not equivalent to research published in journals
Anecdotal
Water can dissolve other ____ molecules
Polar, or hydrophilic
Protons have a ____ charge Neutrons have a _____ charge Electrons have a _____ charge
Positive Neutral Negative
The ____ metabolic rate is the energy use of a resting wakeful person
Basal
Experimental _____ occurs when a researcher's expectation affects data collection
Bias
pH means...
Power of Hydrogen
Statistical significance is not the same as "______ significance"
Practical
Deductive reasoning relies on testing the ______ of a hypothesis test
Predictions
Research reports describing the outcome of a hypothesis test published in scientific journals are referred to as ____ sources
Primary
A statistically significant result is one that has a low ____ of having occurred as a result of chance
Probability
What is a hypothesis?
Proposed explanation for how things work?
Enzymes are a type of ___ that speed up, or ____, chemical reactions in cells
Proteins; catalyze
If a hypothesis test returns the predicted results, the hypothesis is supported but not definitively _____
Proven
Experiments are performed on a small subgroup, or _______ of the population of interest
Sample
Instead of reading primary literature, most of us receive our scientific information from ______
Secondary sources
What are covalent bonds?
Shared pair of electrons
What is a hydrogen bond?
Weak attraction between hydrogen of one molecule and electronegative atom of another molecule
What are ionic bonds?
When electrons are transferred between positively and negatively charged ions (either gains or looses)
Hypotheses are ____ and specific/general
educated guesses and SPECIFIC
Theories are ____ and specific/general
well supported and GENERAL
T/F: Enzymes are specialized to catalyze a specific reaction
True!
What are confidence intervals?
Variation around the mean
Water moderates....
temperature
Water is a good solvent/solute Why?
-Solvent (solutes are dissolved in this) -Because it is polar!
A statement that is "falsifiable" must be able to be...
...proven false
A correlation between two factors does not necessarily mean that one factor _____ a change to the other factor
Causes
The basic structural unit of all living things
Cells
A statistical test calculates the likelihood that the difference between an experimental and control group is due simply to _____
Chance
Ions are charged/uncharged and have an equal/unequal number of protons and electrons
Charged; Unequal
What is metabolism?
Chemical reactions that produce and use energy
Bacteria, nematodes, and mice are model systems that allow us to perform ______ experiments on hypotheses that are difficult to test on humans
Controlled
CH₄ is an example of a(n) _____ bond
Covalent
Metabolic rate measures your...
Energy use
A control is an experiment is a subject that is treated identically to the experimental subject except that the _____ is not applied
Experimental treatment
Carbon has _____ unpaired electrons
Four
The intent in a controlled experiment is to eliminate as many alternative _____ as possible
Hypotheses
More acidic, more ____
H⁺
Water can dissociate into __ and ___ ions
H⁺ and OH⁻
A change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds tightly to a substrate is called...
Induced fit
Inductive vs deductive reasoning
Inductive: Observations used to draw a conclusion Deductive: If/then
Na⁺Cl⁻ is an example of a(n) ____ bond
Ionic
News stories are less likely to be written about research that provides ____ supportive results of a hypothesis test
Less
A statement that is "testable" must be able to be evaluated through ________ of the known universe
Measurements
Carbon can make bonds with many other elements to produce more complex _____
Molecules
More basic, more ____
OH⁻
Which part of water is more elctronegative?
Oxygen
Pulling electrons closer to an atom produces ____ charges
Partial
Scientific papers are not published in most journals until after they have undergone the process of ____ review by other scientists in the field
Peer
Laws are...
Something that always occurs in nature
_________ is used to evaluate data
Statistics
____ are the substances upon which an enzyme reacts
Substrates
Activation energy is...
The energy required to start the metabolic reaction
Active sites are...
The region of the enzyme where the substrate binds
What is homeostasis?
The steady-state condition an organism works to maintain
