Biochem - Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

1 Calorie is equal to ______calories

1000

The number of ATP molecules produced out of Krebs Cycle is: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 0

A. 2

Glycolysis results in the net gain of: A. 2 ATP B. 4 ATP C. 4 NADH D. 2 Acetyl CoA

A. 2 ATP

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration? A. 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy B. 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O C. 6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy D. 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6

A. 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

Glycolysis requires 2_____ to start A. ATP B. Oxygen C. sunlight D. NADP+

A. ATP

The energy carrier that the cell uses to power its day to day activities is A. ATP B. NADH C. FADH2 D. glucose

A. ATP

Krebs Cycle is part of_______________ respiration. A. Aerobic B. Anaerobic

A. Aerobic

During the kreb's cycle, pyruvate is converted into A. CO2 + Acetyl CoA B. CO2 C. ATP D. glucose

A. CO2 + Acetyl CoA

Bread is a product of fermentation that contains bubbles. These bubbles come from: A. Carbon Dioxide B. Lactic Acid C. Oxygen D. Water

A. Carbon Dioxide

What is the starting molecule for glycolysis? A. Glucose B. ADP C. Oxygen D. Pyruvic Acid

A. Glucose

ATP is needed as an investment A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

A. Glycolysis

Can occur in prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

A. Glycolysis

Glucose is broken down A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

A. Glycolysis

NADH, pyruvate & ATP is made A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

A. Glycolysis

On a backpacking trip, Kenny hikes all day at a steady pace, covering 30 kilometers and burning 4000 Calories. At the school track, Janelle runs the 100-meter sprint in 13.5 seconds, burning 10 Calories. Afterward, Janelle's leg muscles are aching and she is breathing hard, while Kenny maintains normal breathing all day, even though he burns 400 times more calories than Janelle. Which two statements offer the BEST explanation for this phenomenon? A. If the aerobic pathway—cellular respiration—cannot meet the energy demand, then the anaerobic pathway—lactic acid fermentation—starts up, resulting in lactic acid buildup and "oxygen debt." B. Aerobic cellular respiration produces more energy, but its use is limited because of lactic acid buildup in the muscles and the resulting "oxygen debt." C. After about 90 seconds of intense exercise, the muscles become depleted of oxygen, and anaerobic respiration can no longer function to produce ATP, resulting in "oxygen debt." D. The rate of energy demand determines how the muscles will obtain energy, either from cellular respiration or from lactic acid fermentation if not enough oxygen is present.

A. If the aerobic pathway—cellular respiration—cannot meet the energy demand, then the anaerobic pathway—lactic acid fermentation—starts up, resulting in lactic acid buildup and "oxygen debt." D. The rate of energy demand determines how the muscles will obtain energy, either from cellular respiration or from lactic acid fermentation if not enough oxygen is present.

2nd step A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

A. Kreb's cycle

Breaks down pyruvate into CO2 A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

A. Kreb's cycle

occurs in the matrix A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

A. Kreb's cycle

Which two molecules generated by the Krebs cycle pass their high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain? A. NADH B. C6H12O6 C. FADH2 D. NAD+

A. NADH & C. FADH2

After the Krebs Cycle only a small portion of the energy of glucose has been converted to ATP. At this point the majority of usable energy is contained in A. NADH and FADH2 B. Carbon Dioxide C. Acetyl-CoA D. Citrate

A. NADH and FADH2

Which of the following is not a requirement for glycolysis? A. Oxygen B. ATP C. NAD+ D. Glucose

A. Oxygen

The process carried out by yeast that causes bread to rise is A. alcoholic fermentation B. lactic acid fermentation C. cellular respiration D. yeast mitosis

A. alcoholic fermentation

NADH and FADH2 A. carry electrons to the ETC. B. bind with Acetyl CoA. C. supply energy for the cell. D. make water.

A. carry electrons to the ETC.

Where is lactic acid produced? A. in muscles B. in bread C. in plants D. in cheese

A. in muscles

Where does the Krebs Cycle take place? A. martix mitochondria B. chloroplast C. cytoplasm D. inner membrane space E. inner membrane (cristae)

A. martix mitochondria

What is Anaerobic Respiration? A. process of producing energy without oxygen. B. process of producing energy with oxygen.

A. process of producing energy without oxygen.

What is the function of ATP in living things? A. provides energy for cells B. stores genetic information C. provides structure in the nucleus

A. provides energy for cells

In the Kreb's cycle Acetyl-CoA , which has 2 carbons, is bonded to a 4 Carbon compound to made A. Glucose B. Citric acid C. RUBP D. Pyruvate

B. Citric acid

Makes the most ATP A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

B. Electron transport

NADH & FADH donate their electrons to the ETC in this stage A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

B. Electron transport

Occurs on the cristae (inner membrane) A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

B. Electron transport

Specific stage that requires O2 A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

B. Electron transport

Uses ATP synthase A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

B. Electron transport

Which process produces CO2 as a waste product? A. Lactic Acid Fermentation B. Ethanol (Alcoholic) Fermentation

B. Ethanol (Alcoholic) Fermentation

All organisms can do this step A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

B. Glycolysis

Does not require Oxygen A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

B. Glycolysis

Ist step A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

B. Glycolysis

means "sugar breaking" A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

B. Glycolysis

occurs in the cytoplasm A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

B. Glycolysis

How do high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle contribute to the formation of ATP from ADP in the electron transport chain? A. High-energy electrons interact with pyruvic acid to create a phosphate bond with ADP, forming ATP. B. High-energy electrons supply the needed energy to synthesize ATP from the lower-energy ADP in the electron transport chain. C. High-energy electrons supply a negative charge which causes the citric acid to oxidize, forming a phosphate group to bond with ADP. D. High-energy electrons increase the temperature of ADP so it easily reacts to form ATP.

B. High-energy electrons supply the needed energy to synthesize ATP from the lower-energy ADP in the electron transport chain.

What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process? A. It produces too much ATP B. It only produces 2 ATP C. It occurs in the absence of oxygen D. It is only for quick bursts of energy

B. It only produces 2 ATP

What is the role of O2 in cellular respiration * A. It helps us breath B. It takes the last electron from NADH & FADH in the ETC and is made into water C. It breaks down sugar D. It gives energy to cells

B. It takes the last electron from NADH & FADH in the ETC and is made into water

In which stage is carbon dioxide released? A. Glycolysis B. Krebs Cycle C. Electron Transport

B. Krebs Cycle

What is the BEST description of the process that occurs in the starter to give sourdough bread its famous tangy flavor? A. Citric acid is produced in the citric acid cycle as the starter undergoes fermentation. B. Lactic acid is produced from lactobacilli as the starter undergoes fermentation. C. Acetic acid is formed from the enzymatic oxidation of ethyl alcohol as the starter undergoes fermentation. D. Pyruvic acid is produced from the enzymatic reduction of glucose as the starter undergoes fermentation.

B. Lactic acid is produced from lactobacilli as the starter undergoes fermentation.

Fermentation is cellular respiration without which molecule? A. CO2 B. O2 C. C6H12O6

B. O2

During Electron transport, the electrons stored in FADH & NADH are picked up by A. Water B. Oxygen C. CO2 D. NAD & FAD

B. Oxygen

How are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation similar? A. They have the same products B. They have the same reactants C. They both require oxygen D. They occur in the same organisms

B. They have the same reactants

When respiration occurs with oxygen, it is called _______ A. anaerobic B. aerobic C. light-dependent D. fermentation

B. aerobic

Because fermentation takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is said to be A. aerobic B. anaerobic C. cyclic D. oxygen-rich

B. anaerobic

Fermentation involves A. aerobic respiration B. anaerobic respiration

B. anaerobic respiration

Where does glycolysis occur? A. mitochondrial matrix B. cytoplasm C. inner membrane of mitochondria D. outer membrane of mitochondria

B. cytoplasm

How many times does the Kreb's cycle occur for 1 molecule of glucose A. 6 B. 1 C. 2

C. 2

When glucose, a 6-carbon sugar, is broken down during glycolysis, what product forms? A. 2 molecules of lactic acid, C3H6O3 B. 3 molecules of ethanol, C2H5OH C. 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, C3H4O3 D. 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, CO2

C. 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, C3H4O3

Most of the ATP is produced during A.Glycolysis B. Kreb's C. Electron Transport

C. Electron Transport

3rd step A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

C. Electron transport

Uses the NADH & FADH that was made A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

C. Electron transport

occurs on the cristae A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

C. Electron transport

NADH, FADH & ATP is made A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

C. Kreb's cycle

Occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

C. Kreb's cycle

Pyruvate is broken down to CO2 A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

C. Kreb's cycle

Uses CoEnzyme A to carry 2C molecule (Acetyl) A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

C. Kreb's cycle

Which of the following is NOT made by fermentation A. Sauerkraut B. Bread C. Olive oil D. Yogurt

C. Olive oil

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in your muscles after a workout because your cells are struggling to get A. Glucose B. Sunlight C. Oxygen D. Water

C. Oxygen

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in your muscles after a workout because your cells are struggling to get... A. Glucose B. Sunlight C. Oxygen D. Water

C. Oxygen

The mitochondria is responsible for ... A. photosynthesis B. anaerobic respiration C. aerobic respiration D. fermentation

C. aerobic respiration

Which of the following is not an end product of the Kreb's cycle? A. FADH2 B. CO2 C. pyruvate D. ATP

C. pyruvate

In glycolysis, glucose is converted into two molecules of _____. A. citric acid B. oxaloacetic acid C. pyruvic acid D. Acetyl CoA

C. pyruvic acid

Fermentation is a chemical reaction that occurs in the (membrane, cytoplasm, matrix, mitochondria). Because it is (aerobic, anaerobic) fermentation (does not require, requires oxygen). Compared to cellular respiration, lactic acid fermentation generates (much more, much less, about the same amount) of ATP and is less efficient.

Cytoplasm, anaerobic, does not requires, much less

Which is not part of the net products of Glycolysis? A. 2 ATP B. 2 NADH C. 2 Pyruvate D. 2 CO2

D. 2 CO2

Fermentation is: A. Cellular Respiration B. Photosynthesis C. Aerobic D. Anaerobic

D. Anaerobic

Glycolysis literally translates to: A. sugar-taking B. Glucose-making C. sugar-baking D. Glucose-breaking

D. Glucose-breaking

How does the fermentation of pyruvic acid in cells contribute to the formation of ATP? A. It completes the oxidation of glucose to CO2, creating ATP. B. It generates lactic acid, which cycles back through the Krebs cycle, producing 2 ATP molecules. C. It converts FADH2 to phosphate, which bonds with ADP. D. It produces 2 NAD+ molecules, which cycle back to fuel the glycolysis reaction, allowing 2 ATP molecules to be produced.

D. It produces 2 NAD+ molecules, which cycle back to fuel the glycolysis reaction, allowing 2 ATP molecules to be produced.

Occurs in the mitochondria A. Kreb's cycle B. Glycolysis C. Electron transport D. both Kreb's & ETC

D. both Kreb's & ETC

If your body runs out of oxygen, it will begin to perform ______. A. alcohol fermentation B. photosynthesis C. cellular respiration D. lactic acid fermentation

D. lactic acid fermentation

Aerobic respiration is different from anaerobic respiration in that aerobic respiration needs... A. chlorophyll B. carbon dioxide C. glucose D. oxygen

D. oxygen

Occurs in the mitochondria A. Glycolysis B. Electron transport C. Kreb's cycle D. Both Glycolysis & Kreb's E. Electron transport & Krebs

E. Electron transport & Krebs

Where does the Electron transport take place? A. martix mitochondria B. chloroplast C. cytoplasm D. inner membrane space E. inner membrane (cristae)

E. inner membrane (cristae)

Together, the stages of cellular respiration break down one molecule of (lactic acid, fatty acids, protein, glucose) to generate a total of (4, 72, 12, 36) molecules of ATP. The remaining energy is released as (heat, light, motion).

Glucose, 36, heat

Process that require Oxygen are called ______

aerobic

Why can't this happen in one step?

all the energy from glucose would be released at once and most of it would be lost in the form of light and heat

A _________is the amount of energy it takes to change 1g of water 1C

calorie

Anaerobic

does not require oxygen

The (stoma, matrix, nucleolus, cytoplasm) is the innermost compartment of a (mitochondrion, cytoplasm, nucleus, cell wall). Here, the (NAD+, fermentation, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle) occur(s), breaking down (lactic, citric, pyruvic, nitric acid) into carbon dioxide in a series of reactions.

matrix, mitochondrion, the Krebs cycle, pyruvic

Aerobic

requires oxygen