Biodiversity Unit 3 Review: Part 4
Class Hydrozoa
"Hydromedusae" small is present in what class?
Cubomedusa
"Sea Wasp" or "Box Jellyfish"; extremely deadly
Polyp and medusa
2 body forms of cnidaria; diploid tissues
Tentaculata & nuda
2 classes of Colloblasts
Mesentery
2 coelic linning tissues inside or outside; also a structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
Hydrozoa, scyphozoa, anthozoa
3 Classes of Cnidaria
Portuguese man of war
A floating, polymorphic colony
Obelia
A hydroid, a colony
Coral bleaching
A phenomenon in which algae inside corals die, causing the corals to turn white.
Swim, somersault, crawl
Activities sea anemones can engage in
Colloblasts
Adhesive structures on the tentacles of ctenophores.
Spirocysts
Adhesive, found in all 3 groups/classes of Cnidaria
Polyp
Adv. of growing
Medusa
Adv. of swimming
Branch Eumetazoa
Animals with well-defined true tissues
Temperature
Biggest factor of coral bleaching
Class Anthozoa
Class including corals and sea anemones
Class Hydrozoa
Class that contains Cnidae in epidermis; exclusively nematocysts
Class Anthozoa & Scyphozoa
Class that contains cnidae in epidermis & gastrodermis
Phylum Ctenophora
Comb jellies
Class Anthozoa & Scyphozoa
Contains CELLULAR mesoglea
Tentaculata
Contractile Tentacles Ctenophora
Cnidarians
Ctenophorans are closely related to who?
Fission
Division of an organism into two new cells. Reproduction in protists.
Ephyra
During sexual stage of medusa, polyps bud off into tiny medusae, which produce gametes; Young medusa
Dactylozooid
Enhanced w/ nematocysts for defense; weapon
Phylum Cnidaria
Examples: jellyfish, sea fans, sea anemones, hydras, corals, box jellyfish
Phylum Cnidaria
First group to possess nervous system
Polymorphisms of Class Hydrozoa
Gastrozooid, gonozooid (gonangium), dactylozooid, skeletozooid
Hermatypic corals
Hard reef building corals that produce calcium carbonate skeletons, contain zooxanthellae
Hermit crab hydroid
Hydrozoan animal that does Dactylozooid lashing
Class Scyphozoa
Jellyfish
Mesoglea
Keeps outer & inner layers separated. Glue layer, made of jellitin, extremely thick
Scyphomedusae
Large when in medusa form in Class Scyphozoa
Metagenesis
Life cycle of Phylum Cnidaria
Characteristics of comb jellies
Medusa-like structure, w/o nematocysts. 8 comb rows, w/ 2 tentacles
Gastrozooid
Modified for feeding
Gonozooid (gonangium)
Modified for reproduction
Coral reefs
Most diverse and productive ecosystem
Medusoid
Most dominant form in Scyphozoa; large
Polypoid
Most dominant form of Class Hydrozoa; Medusoid or Polypoid
Phylum Cnidaria characteristics:
Mouth w/ tentacles, no anus but has gut, cnidae, diploblastic w/organs, either polyp or medusa
Hexacorallia
Multiples of 6 tentacles
Nuda
No Tentacles Ctenophora
Life cycle of Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
Planula->Schyphistoma->Strobilation->Ephyra
Scyphistoma
Polyp-type structure
Physalia
Portuguese man of war
Skeletozooid
Produces skeleton
Octocorals
Soft corals whose polyps have 8 tentacles
Ahermatypic corals
Soft corals; do not build reefs, often lack zooxanthellae
Nematocysts
Stinging cells, only found in Class Anthozoa
Cnidae
Stinging organnells
True
T or F, Anthozoans are polypoid only
True
T or F, Class Anthozoa does not undergo metagenesis
False
T or F, Class Hydrozoa undergoes metagenesis
True
T or F, Scientists predict all reefs will be dead in 30-50 yrs due to coral bleaching
Metagenesis
The alternation of generations between sexual and asexual reproduction, btw polyp and medusa
Planula
The free-swimming, ciliated larva of a cnidarian
Gastrodermis
The inner layer of a Cnidarian
Scleractinians
The modern reef-building corals.
Ptychocysts
Tube construction, found in all 3 groups/classes of Cnidaria
Budding, fission (longitudinal/ transverse)
Type of Asexual reproduction Anthozoans do
Strobilation
Type of asexual budding/reproduction
Fire coral
Type of coral-like hydrozoan; not a true coral
Radial
Type of symmetry present in Phylum Cnidaria
Sea pen, sea fan, sea whip
Types of soft corals
Acellular mesoglea
Very thin, no cells
Nerve net
simple netlike nervous system in cnidarians that conducts nerve impulses from all parts of the cnidarian's body. -Achieves little integration of information, serves simple behaviors