BIOL 224 - Exam 1 Practice questions

After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones. Which one?

ADH

During ventricular systole, the

AV valves are closed

Considering the left ventricle, why does isovolumetric ventricular contraction occur during ventricular systole?

Aortic pressure is higher than ventricular pressure and the ventricle must pressurize the blood to open the aortic valve.

A patient has an end-diastolic volume of 125 ml. A heart attack has weakened her left ventricle so it can pump a stroke volume of only 40 ml. Calculate her end-systolic volume.

85 ml

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the

activation of Factor X, production of prothrombin activator.

The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are

albumins

The ________ deliver(s) blood to the myocardium.

coronary arteries

If the force of ventricular contraction increases, what will happen to the end-systolic volume?

decrease

The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from

depolarization of the atria

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are

mineralocorticoids

Abnormal heart sounds caused by turbulent flow through faulty valves are called

murmurs

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except increased

parasympathetic stimulation (because it's rest and digest)

A person's blood type is determined by the

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane

The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of

proteins

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

recycled to the red bone marrow

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the

red bone marrow

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the

stroke volume

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

thrombin

The T wave on an ECG tracing represents

ventricular repolarization

Which of the following would cause stroke volume to increase?

when diastolic blood pressure is decreased

Shelly has a hormone-secreting tumor of the suprarenal gland. The tumor is causing her to have a deep voice, grow extensive body hair, and stop menstruating. This tumor probably involves cells of the

zona reticularis

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

Coagulation would be prevented

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.

QRS complex

The principle that increasing the end-diastolic volume results in a corresponding increase in the stroke volume is known as

Starling's law of the heart

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to

calcium channels remaining open

Which of the following hormones increases production of red blood cells?

erythropoietin

A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is

fibrinogen

Hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that regulate the male and female reproductive organs are collectively called

gonadotropins

If a patient is administered a powerful glucocorticoid (such as prednisone) to suppress the immune system, what unintended effects might this have on blood chemistry?

increase of blood glucose

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

insulin

Which of the following elements is necessary for the production of thyroid hormone?

iodine