BIOL 2420 5.5 The Kingdom Fungi

Microconidia are composed of how many cells? 5 3 2 1

1 *micro = 1

__________-spores are created within special fungal sacs and are formed when two different strains are joined together to produce offspring. Sporangio Zygo Asco

Asco *Sporangiospores are formed asexually. *Zygospores are diploid spores that are formed when hyphae of two opposite strains fuse.

Which of the following are the three most common sexual spores in fungi? Conidia Ascospores Zygospores Sporangiospores Basidiospores

Ascospores Zygospores Basidiospores

Which of the following are the three most common sexual spores in fungi? Conidia Sporangiospores Ascospores Zygospores Basidiospores

Ascospores Zygospores Basidiospores

What type of spores are used in the laboratory to identify fungi? Sexual spores Asexual spores

Asexual spores

In what way do bacterial spores differ from fungal spores? Bacterial spores are non-reproductive. Bacterial spores contain DNA. Bacterial spores can be dispersed by air and water.

Bacterial spores are non-reproductive.

Which of the following has led to the three major classifications of fungi? Conidia Sporangiospores Basidiospores Ascospores Zygospores

Basidiospores Ascospores Zygospores

Which of the following media are commonly used to cultivate fungi? EMB agar Blood agar MacConkey agar Sabouraud's agar Cornmeal agar

Blood agar Sabouraud's agar Cornmeal agar

__________ is a polysaccharide that is found in the cell walls of fungal cells.

Chitin

Identify the type of asexual free fungal spores that are formed by pinching off or by segmentation of hyphae. Sporangiospores Conidiospores Cysts Endospores

Conidiospores

__________ are fungi that have developed as normal residents of plants.

Endophytes

__________ is a sterol that is found in the cell membranes of fungal cells.

Ergosterol

T or F: All septa in fungi are solid partitions.

False *Some have partial walls with pores to allow communication between the adjacent compartments.

Which are ecological or industrial benefits of fungi? Food production and flavoring Production of aflatoxin Use in water purification Decomposition of decaying matter

Food production and flavoring Decomposition of decaying matter

In what way do fungal spores differ from bacterial spores? Fungal spores can be dispersed by air and water. Fungal spores contain DNA. Fungal spores are reproductive.

Fungal spores are reproductive.

Which are the roles of fungal spores? Genetic variability Budding process Survival Reproduction Dissemination Drug resistance

Genetic variability Survival Reproduction Dissemination

What name is used to describe fungi that lack a sexual state? Dimorphic Imperfect Perfect Hermaphroditic

Imperfect

Which is multicellular? Both yeast and mold Mold Yeast

Mold

Which of the following is the term for a network of tubular cells which cluster together to form the visible growth of fungi? Flagella Hyphae Microtubules Cilia Mycelium

Mycelium

Which of the following is the term for a network of tubular cells which cluster together to form the visible growth of fungi? Microtubules Mycelium Flagella Cilia Hyphae

Mycelium

Which term is used to describe a fungal disease? Infection Cellulitis Dermatitis Mycoses

Mycosis *Infection is a general term that may involve any type of microbe. *Cellulitis describes the spread of bacteria within necrotic tissue. *Dermatitis is an infection of the skin.

Identify the four most common forms of conidia: Endospore Phialospore Chlamydospore Arthrospore Blastospore Sporangiospore

Phialospore Chlamydospore Arthrospore Blastopore

Which term is used to describe organisms that obtain their nutrients from dead or animals in soil or aquatic habitats? Saprobe Autotroph Parasite

Saprobe

When yeast are grown on agar which term best describes the appearance of the colonies? Uniform Soft Filamentous Fairy

Soft Uniform

Which of the following fungal spores are formed by successive cleavage of a saclike head and are themselves enclosed in a sac until rupture occurs? Ascospores Basigiospores Sporangiospores Conidia

Sporangiospores

It is not uncommon for many fungi to produce which of the following when environmental conditions worsen? Endospores Envelopes Cysts Spores

Spores

It is not uncommon for many fungi to produce which of the following when environmental conditions worsen? Spores Endospores Envelopes Cysts

Spores

T or F: Fungi can act as primary as well as opportunistic pathogens.

True

T or F: Some fungi are used to produce useful compounds like antibiotics.

True

Which of the following fungal spores are a diploid spore formed when hyphae of two opposite strains fuse? Zygospore Conidia Basidiospore Ascospore

Zygospore

Aspergillus flavus produces the poison __________ which has been linked to liver cancer.

aflatoxin

A mycosis caused by Psedogymnoascus destructans is decimating the population of which group of animals? wild dogs geese bats apes

bats

Microbes that are pathogenic to humans and animals are __________ in their requirement for pre-formed organic matter. autotrophic phototrophic heterotrophic

heterotrophic *Autotrophic microbes can provide their own organic food source. *Phototrophic microbes are photosynthetic and can provide their own organic food source.

A catchall group of fungi that were initially found to lack a sexual state is the "__________" fungi. These members have been reassigned to other fungal phyla, particularly to Ascomycota.

imperfect

A __________ is a hybrid organism formed between algae or cyanobacteria and fungi.

lichen

Separate fungal hyphae are separated into compartments while __________ hyphae is continuous.

nonseptate

The saclike head of a fungal stalk is called a(n) __________.

sporangium

The primary mode of reproduction in fungi involves the production of __________.

spores