BIOL 411 - Ch 10 Learning Curve

Which of the following structures would be located in the dermis of the skin?

>nerve endings >connective tissue >sweat glands >blood vessels

Which of the following is a specific type of extracellular matrix?

Basal lamina

Cadherins bind to which type of cytoskeletal element(s)?

Both intermediate filaments and microfilaments

Which one of the following is not a cellular function associated with microtubules?

Muscle contraction

T/F: A tissue is generally composed of several organs

False

Which one of the following is not a cellular function of microfilaments?

Flagellar movement

Where would you find a cell adhesion molecule?

In a cell junction

Which one of the cytoskeletal elements is associated with providing the cell with mechanical strength?

Intermediate filaments

What is the best characterization of the minus end of a dynamic filament?

It is slow growing

The internal cytoskeletal structure of cilia and flagella grows out from a structure called a basal body located near the cell surface. Based on this information, where would you predict the plus end of the microtubules to be located?

Near the tip of the cilia or flagella

Could an isolated melanin granule move along an actin microfilament?

No, motor proteins are specific for the type of filament they bind

Motor proteins cause movement by: (1) undergoing a conformational change, (2) harnessing energy from ATP, (3) binding to the cytoskeleton

Statements (1), (2) and (3) are correct

Which of the following statements about the skin is true?

The epidermis is made up of epithelial tissue whereas the dermis is made up primarily of connective tissue

The area where the epidermis and the dermis meet is highly folded so that the epidermis "fits" into the dermis. What do you think is the function of this highly folded area?

The epidermis is the outer layer and is under constant physical stress. This highly folded area between the epidermis and the dermis gives the epidermis additional support and protection against abrasive stress

Which of the following is a false statement about the motor proteins myosin and kinesin?

They both move along microtubules

T/F: Many scientists are working to generate organs in vitro. In some cases, cells are seeded onto a "scaffold" shaped like the desired target organ. Such scaffolds are likely composed of extracellular matrix proteins

True

Cadherin is an example of:

a cell adhesion molecule

The basal lamina is:

a specialized form of the extracellular matrix found beneath all epithelial tissues

Microvilli are located on the ______ of a cell

apical surface

Which of the following cytoskeletal elements is capable of assembling and disassembling in the cell?

both microtubules and microfilaments

Which one of the following cytoskeletal elements is associated with supporting the movement of materials inside the cell?

both microtubules and microfilaments

The classic experiment using isolated cells from two species of sponges provided evidence that:

cell adhesion molecules are species specific

A pathologist is carrying out an autopsy. Upon opening the chest cavity, the pathologist sees a thick, fibrous tissue surrounding the heart. This is likely:

connective tissue

Which of the following structures are responsible for the shape of a cell?

cytoskeleton

Many scientists use a specific type of mouse cell to coat the surface of petri dishes. These cells form a layer on which other kinds of cells, often of different species, can adhere and grow. The mouse cells used to coat petri dishes are likely:

fibroblasts

Structures known as microvilli are associated with

increased surface area for nutrient absorption

Myosin is a motor protein that associates with:

microfilaments

Dynamic instability is the rapid assembly and disassembly of:

microtubules

Dynein is a motor protein found attached to:

microtubules

Kinesin is a motor protein found attached to:

microtubules

Which is the correct order of cytoskeletal filaments in decreasing filament diameter?

microtubules → intermediate filaments → microfilaments

Macrophage cells undergo a process called phagocytosis in which material is brought into a cell in the form of membrane vesicles and then transported along microtubules toward the cell center. Assuming that the centrosome is near the cell center, you can predict that these vesicles are moving to the _____ end of microtubules using the motor protein _____

minus end; dynein

The property of dynamic instability implies that the individual protein subunits of microtubules are held together by:

non-covalent interactions

In nerve cells, the centrosome is located near the nucleus. Vesicles move from near the nucleus to the end of long extensions (axons) along microtubules. Based on these two facts, it is possible to conclude that these vesicles are moving in the _____ direction on the microtubule using the motor protein _____

plus end; kinesin

A cadherin protein can only bind to:

the extracellular domain of the same type of cadherin