Biol chapter 9 Which of the following statements best describes the electron transport chain?

Which of the summary statements below best describes the results of the following reaction? C 6H 12O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2O + Energy

C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced.

Depletion of which of the following molecules from the mitochondria will most directly inhibit the citric acid cycle?

NAD+

in the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the net production of which of the following sets of molecules?

ATP, CO 2, and ethanol

Which of the following sequences describes the path by which electrons move from high-energy to lower-energy molecules in aerobic respiration?

glucose → NADH → electron transport chain → oxygen

In which reactions of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation occur?

in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

If the proteins of the electron transport chain were labeled with a fluorescent tag, the fluorescence observed by microscopy will be localized to which of the following regions of the mitochondria?

inner membrane

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis?

oxidative phosphorylation

Inhibition of which of the following processes would reduce or eliminate generation of a proton-motive force in mitochondria?

pumping of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction?

pyruvate

Which of the following statements best describes the electron transport chain?

It consists of a series of redox reactions.

Which of the following statements best supports the claim that glycolysis is likely one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?

It does not involve organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms.

Most CO 2 from catabolism is released during ________.

the citric acid cycle

Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?

glycolysis

Glycolysis results in the net production of which of the following sets of molecules per glucose molecule?

2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C 6H 12O 6) in aerobic cellular respiration?

30-32

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the net production of which of the following sets of molecules?

ATP, CO 2, and ethanol

Upon completion of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy originally stored in each glucose molecule catabolized by cellular respiration is stored in which of the following molecules?

NADH

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is ________.

O2

Which of the following statements best explains why carbohydrates and fats may be considered high-energy foods?

They contain many electrons associated with hydrogen atoms.

Which of the following is one of the molecules formed by the removal of a carboxyl group (as CO 2) from a molecule of pyruvate?

acetyl CoA

What types of cells carry out ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis?

all respiring cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, using either oxygen or other electron acceptors

High levels of citric acid inhibit the enzyme phosphofructokinase, a key enzyme in glycolysis. Citric acid binds to the enzyme at a different location than the active site. This is an example of which of the following?

allosteric regulation

In chemiosmosis, the most direct source of energy used to convert ADP + i to ATP is energy released ________.

from movement of protons through ATP synthase, down their electrochemical gradient

Catabolism of fatty acids produces two-carbon molecules that are converted to acetyl CoA. The acetyl CoA molecules will most likely be metabolized in aerobic cellular respiration by which of the following mechanisms?

directly entering the citric acid cycle

When a cell is deprived of oxygen, which of the following processes will be inhibited first?

electron transport chain

Beta oxidation generates substrates for cellular respiration through catabolism of which of the following molecules?

fatty acids