Biology 130 - Respiratory System

An increase in the the amount of carbon dioxide in the body causes

a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

Which of the following occurs as air is drawn through the nose

air is warmed, filtered, and humidified

Ventilation refers to the the process by which

air moves into and out of the lungs

Which of the following disorders is described as follows: damage to motor nerves innervating skeletal muscle; skeletal muscles weaken; death usually results within five years of diagnosis

amytrophic lateral sclerosis

All of the following are TRUE regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system EXCEPT which one

antimicrobial compounds found in the respiratory mucus of smokers decrease the likelihood of infection

Carbon dioxide is carried from the tissues to the lungs by a variety of mechanisms. Which of the following lists these mechanisms in order representing the mechanism that carries the most carbon dioxide to the mechanism that carries the smallest amount

bicarbonate-carbaminohemoglobin-dissolved in plasma

All of the following are involved in the regulation of the rate and depth of breathing EXCEPT which one

bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

A condition in which wheezing occurs with breathlessness and a persistent cough, and yields yellowish or greenish phlegm is

bronchitis

Arrange the following entries in the order in which air contacts them as air drawn into the body

c (pharynx), e (larynx), a (trachea), b (bronchiole), d (alveoli)

Burning of carbon-based fuels can produce which one of the following, an odorless gas that competes with oxygen for binding to hemoglobin

carbon monoxide

Which of the following results from the stimulation by nerve impulses generated in the respiratory center when they arrive at the muscles involved in inspiration

contraction of the diaphragm

Which one of the following muscles separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

diaphragm

During the ingestion of food or liquid, which one of the following tips to block the opening to the trachea

epiglottis

How does external respiration differ from internal respiration

external respiration refers to gas exchange between inhaled air and blood, whereas internal respiration refers to gas exchange between blood and tissue fluids

A small amount of fluid is contained in the pleural cavity to

function as a lubricant as the lungs move during ventilation

In which one of the following situations is hemoglobin most likely to bind oxygen

in a tissue with a neutral pH

The respiratory control center is located

in the medulla oblongata

During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs

initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as air leaves the body

Carbaminohemoglobin differs from hemoglobin in that carbaminohemoglobin

is bound to carbon dioxide

Bronchioles differ from bronchi in that they

lack cartilage in their walls.

During puberty, the increased production of testosterone in males causes the rapid enlargement of which one of the following structures of the respiratory system

larynx

When air entering the respiratory tract leaves the pharynx, it next enters the

larynx

External respiration is the process of

moving gases into or out of the blood stream within lung tissue

Oxygen-rich blood flows through the heart

on the left side of the heart following returning from the lungs via the pulmonary arteries

All of the following statements are TRUE regarding lung cancer EXCEPT which one

one hundred percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking or exposure to cigarette smoke

Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive

oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, which results in the production of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions

Which one of the following is a symptom of botulism

paralysis of muscles used for breathing

During inspiration, intercostal muscles function to

pull the rib cage up and out, so that long volume increases

All of the following are part of an individual's vital capacity EXCEPT which one

residual volume

During a cough, what is responsible for constricting the size of the trachea

smooth muscle

Most of the carbon dioxide released by cells is transported in the venous supply in what form

soluble bicarbonate ion.