Biology 2 Exam 3 Chapter 30 quiz questions
What is a challenge for animals living in the ocean?
coping with water movement
Diploblastic animals, such as cnidarians and ___________, have only two germ layers, ectoderm and ____________
ctenophores; endoderm
Which is the most difficult problem animals face when living on land?
desiccation
Cells of the blastula undergo _________, a process that forms and segregates the three germ layers
gastrulation
The _________ gives rise to muscles, bones, and circulatory system
mesoderm
A grasshopper belongs to the Ecdysoza clade because of its ability to ___________
molt
What is the pattern of cleavage for protostomes
spiral
What is a characteristic of ribbon worms and flatworms
they are acoelomates
Sponges have specialized cells, but those cells are not organized into _______
tissues
Which of the following is a major problem for sessile animals?
they are unable to escape unfavorable environmental conditions
Which statement about echinoderms is false?
they show evidence of segmentation
What is the main structural component of an animal cell's extracellular matrix?
collagen
To include your eyes and ears in the same section, you would need to cut your body in which plane?
frontal
Why is osmoregulation an issue for animals living in fresh water?
it requires an expenditure of energy
A marine invertebrate placed into freshwater would have difficulty surviving because
it would have difficulty with osmoregulation
A true body cavity completely surrounded by _________ is called a coelom
mesoderm
As a scientist, which of the following would you use as evidence to propose changing the traditional animal phylogenies?
molecular data
If adult sponges are sessile, why can they still be classified as animals?
sponge larvae are motile
The diverse body plans seen in Animalia apparently developed during the __________
Cambrian period
What molecular evidence have been found in Cnidarians, which have radial symmetry, that is evidence to indicate Cnidarians share a common ancestor with bilateral symmetry
Hox genes
Which of the following characteristics about animals is false?
animals cannot respond to stimuli
The head end of an animal is known as its _________
anterior end
One true characteristic of all animals is that they _________
are heterotrophs
Indeterminate cleavage takes place in ___________ and is characterized by a pattern of development where the ultimate fate of each cell is ___________
deuterostomes; not fixed until late development process
Within a bilateral body plan, which surface is the back structure of an animal?
dorsal surface
Which group of organisms display radial cleavage during development
echinoderms
The epidermis of a nematode is derived from the _______
ectoderm
The lining of the digestive tube is formed from __________
endoderm
Which is an example of an acoelomate animal
flatworms
Which of the following explains why fewer animals live in freshwater than in the ocean?
freshwater in generally hypotonic to tissue fluids
Molecular systematics suggests that complex molecules are unlikely to have evolved multiple times and thus animals would have evolved only once. This means animals are a ____________ group
monophyletic
In most protostomes, the blastopore develops into the ________
mouth
Determine cleavage takes place in _______________ and is characterized by pattern of development where the ultimate date of each cell is _______________
protostomes; fixed early in the developmental process
All Cnidarians have what form of body plan?
radial
Example of a deuterostome
sea star
How is a pseudocoelom different from a coelom
a coelom is a cavity fully lined by mesoderm
The common ancestor of all animals is/are the ____________
choanoflagellates
The first land animals likely moved onto land how long ago?
450 million years ago
An animal's zygote undergoes ____________, a series of mitotic cell divisions
cleavage
