Biology 2 Exam 3 Chapter 30 quiz questions

What is a challenge for animals living in the ocean?

coping with water movement

Diploblastic animals, such as cnidarians and ___________, have only two germ layers, ectoderm and ____________

ctenophores; endoderm

Which is the most difficult problem animals face when living on land?

desiccation

Cells of the blastula undergo _________, a process that forms and segregates the three germ layers

gastrulation

The _________ gives rise to muscles, bones, and circulatory system

mesoderm

A grasshopper belongs to the Ecdysoza clade because of its ability to ___________

molt

What is the pattern of cleavage for protostomes

spiral

What is a characteristic of ribbon worms and flatworms

they are acoelomates

Sponges have specialized cells, but those cells are not organized into _______

tissues

Which of the following is a major problem for sessile animals?

they are unable to escape unfavorable environmental conditions

Which statement about echinoderms is false?

they show evidence of segmentation

What is the main structural component of an animal cell's extracellular matrix?

collagen

To include your eyes and ears in the same section, you would need to cut your body in which plane?

frontal

Why is osmoregulation an issue for animals living in fresh water?

it requires an expenditure of energy

A marine invertebrate placed into freshwater would have difficulty surviving because

it would have difficulty with osmoregulation

A true body cavity completely surrounded by _________ is called a coelom

mesoderm

As a scientist, which of the following would you use as evidence to propose changing the traditional animal phylogenies?

molecular data

If adult sponges are sessile, why can they still be classified as animals?

sponge larvae are motile

The diverse body plans seen in Animalia apparently developed during the __________

Cambrian period

What molecular evidence have been found in Cnidarians, which have radial symmetry, that is evidence to indicate Cnidarians share a common ancestor with bilateral symmetry

Hox genes

Which of the following characteristics about animals is false?

animals cannot respond to stimuli

The head end of an animal is known as its _________

anterior end

One true characteristic of all animals is that they _________

are heterotrophs

Indeterminate cleavage takes place in ___________ and is characterized by a pattern of development where the ultimate fate of each cell is ___________

deuterostomes; not fixed until late development process

Within a bilateral body plan, which surface is the back structure of an animal?

dorsal surface

Which group of organisms display radial cleavage during development

echinoderms

The epidermis of a nematode is derived from the _______

ectoderm

The lining of the digestive tube is formed from __________

endoderm

Which is an example of an acoelomate animal

flatworms

Which of the following explains why fewer animals live in freshwater than in the ocean?

freshwater in generally hypotonic to tissue fluids

Molecular systematics suggests that complex molecules are unlikely to have evolved multiple times and thus animals would have evolved only once. This means animals are a ____________ group

monophyletic

In most protostomes, the blastopore develops into the ________

mouth

Determine cleavage takes place in _______________ and is characterized by pattern of development where the ultimate date of each cell is _______________

protostomes; fixed early in the developmental process

All Cnidarians have what form of body plan?

radial

Example of a deuterostome

sea star

How is a pseudocoelom different from a coelom

a coelom is a cavity fully lined by mesoderm

The common ancestor of all animals is/are the ____________

choanoflagellates

The first land animals likely moved onto land how long ago?

450 million years ago

An animal's zygote undergoes ____________, a series of mitotic cell divisions

cleavage