Biology ch8
The function of a bacterial pilus relates to
DNA transfer
diseases and organisms that have been associated with a high degree of antibiotic resistance
Staphylococcus aureus tuberculosis enterococci gonorrhea
What is a bacterial plasmid?
a small, circular piece of DNA separate from the bacterial chromosome
Gonorrhea, strep throat, tuberculosis, and syphilis are human diseases caused by
bacteria
Which type of organism is a single-celled prokaryote?
bacterium
Bacteria reproduce by a process called______ fission.
binary
The two essential components shared by all viruses are a core of nucleic acids surrounded by an outer_____formed from protein.
capsid
human diseases that are caused by viruses
chickenpox influenza AIDS rabies
Many bacteria can use hollow appendages called pili to transfer DNA between cells in a process called
conjugation
The genetic material of viruses can consist of
double-stranded RNA double-stranded DNA single-stranded DNA single-stranded RNA
XDR TB stands for extensively______-resistant tuberculosis.
drug
Motile bacteria usually have one or more long, thin cellular appendages called
flagella
infections with MRSA are particularly common in which three groups?
hospitalized patients nursing home residents athletes who share equipment
characteristics of MRSA, a type of Staph infection, that make it particularly dangerous
lethality antibiotic resistance
MDR TB is (more/less)_____common than XDR TB. Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia have the highest rates of (MDR/XDR)______.
more; MDR
The function of bacterial flagella relates to
motility
An epidemic that is confined to a local area is called a(n)________, whereas a global epidemic is called a(n)_______.
outbreak; pandemic
two essential components that all viruses have
outer capsid inner core with nucleic acid
characteristics of viruses
parasites of cells acellular
The general term for a bacterium, virus, or other microbe that causes disease is a(n)
pathogen
Bacteria can transfer DNA between cells using an elongated, hollow appendage called a
pilus
Genes coding for antibiotic resistance in bacteria are often located on small, circular pieces of DNA called
plasmids
All bacteria are ______ that ______ a nucleus.
prokaryotes; lack
Viruses infect a specific type of host cell because they bind to what type of molecule on the host cell surface?
receptor
MRSA stands for methicillin-________Staphylococcus aureus.
resistant
human diseases that are caused by bacteria
syphilis tuberculosis strep throat tetanus
Which type of microbe is a parasite of cells, is acellular, and bridges the gap between what is considered to be living and nonliving?
virus
The common cold, flu, measles, polio, genital warts, and AIDS are human diseases caused by
viruses
The phagocytic cells that prevent an infection due to a pathogen that has penetrated a barrier are what type of cells?
white blood cells