Biology Chapter 6
Prokaryotic organisms that use NO3-, SO42-, and CO2 as final electron acceptors in an energy pathway that generates ATP are conducting what energy pathway? Multiple choice question. alcoholic fermentation lactic acid fermentation aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
What pathway of aerobic respiration is shown in the picture? Multiple choice question. glycolysis electron transport chain Krebs cycle oxidation of pyruvate
electron transport chain
What step of aerobic respiration generates the most ATP? Multiple choice question. pyruvate oxidation and the Krebs cycle glycolysis electron transport chain fermentation
electron transport chain
When the electron carrier molecules NADH and FADH2 enter ______, electrons are removed, and the energy pumps protons into the intermembrane compartment of the mitochondrion. Multiple choice question. the electron transport chain the Krebs cycle the cytosol glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
electron transport chain
Chloroplasts and mitochondria, the sites of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, are thought to have arisen by Multiple choice question. incorporation of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum. specialization of Golgi vesicles. outpocketing of the nuclear envelope. endosymbiosis of bacterial cells.
endosymbiosis of bacterial cells
Alcoholic fermentation produces a molecule called Multiple choice question. acetyl CoA. ethanol. lactic acid. lactose.
ethanol
Glucose is the only food molecule that can enter the pathways of aerobic respiration and lead to the production of ATP. True false question.TrueFalse
false
Multiple Choice Question If there are sufficient levels of ATP, organisms may store potential energy by diverting acetyl CoA away from the Krebs cycle and storing it as ______ molecules. Multiple choice question. fat amino acid nucleic acid glucose
fat
______ have more calories per gram than any other food because a single molecule can yield dozens of acetyl CoA molecules that can enter the Krebs cycle. Multiple choice question. Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Nucleic acids
fats
In what pathway is ATP produced in glycolysis but the NADH product of glycolysis does not enter an electron transport chain? Multiple choice question. fermentation photosynthesis aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration
fermentation
Two pathways that cells use to make ATP from glucose without oxygen are anaerobic respiration and Multiple choice question. deamination. photosynthesis. fermentation. gluconeogenesis.
fermentation
Cellular respiration harvests energy from ______ and uses the energy to power the synthesis of ______ from ADP and a phosphate group. Multiple choice question. food molecules; ATP light; ATP light; oxygen food molecules; oxygen
food molecules ATP
Select all of the following that are reactants of pyruvate oxidation during the "transition step" of cellular respiration. Multiple select question. ATP acetyl CoA CO2 pyruvate NAD+
pyruvate NAD+
What happens to the carbon atoms in the two-carbon acetyl group that enters the Krebs cycle? Multiple choice question. They are transferred to ADP. They carry electrons to the electron transport chain. They are donated to NAD+. They are released as CO2.
released as CO2
Cellular respiration is an oxidation-reduction reaction that ______ energy, which the cell uses to synthesize ______. Multiple choice question. releases; glucose requires; glucose requires; ATP releases; ATP
releases ATP
What organism conducts alcoholic fermentation? Multiple choice question. yeast Lactobacillus nitrogen-fixing bacteria wheat
yeast
If a cell's carbohydrate supplies run low, ______ monomers of proteins can be converted into molecules that enter the pathways of cellular respiration. Multiple choice question. amino acid steroid glucose nucleotide
amino acid
NADH and FADH2 transfer energy-rich ______ from the molecules of glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration. Multiple choice question. carbon dioxide ATP electrons oxygen
electron
In what step of aerobic cellular respiration do electrons pass through a series of membrane proteins, and the energy released by their passage is used to create a hydrogen ion gradient? Multiple choice question. glycolysis Krebs cycle transition step electron transport chain
electron transport chain
What pathway of aerobic cellular respiration generates ATP by chemiosmotic phosphorylation? Multiple choice question. Krebs cycle electron transport chain pyruvate oxidation (the transition step) glycolysis
electron transport chain
Select reactions that occur during the second stage of glycolysis, called the energy harvest stage and consisting of reactions 6 through 10. Multiple select question. NAD+ is reduced to NADH. ATP donates a phosphate to glucose. Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. Chemiosmotic phosphorylation occurs. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation.
- NAD+ is reduced to NADH. - ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. two molecules of pyruvate are produced
How many molecules of ATP are produced in the Krebs cycle per every two molecules of acteyl CoA that enter the Krebs cycle? Multiple choice question. 2 ATP 3 ATP 6 ATP 4 ATP
2 ATP
he oxidation of glucose during aerobic respiration yields ATP, NADH, and FADH2 molecules. In theory, the ATP yield during the electron transport chain is ______ molecules of ATP per NADH and ______ molecules of ATP per FADH2. Multiple choice question. 3; 4 3; 2 2; 3 4; 3
3 2
Although the theoretical yield of ATP per one molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration is about 36 ATP, the actual yield is about ______ ATP per glucose. Multiple choice question. 8 20 4 30
30
Select reactions that occur during the first stage of glycolysis, called the energy investment stage, which consists of the first five reactions. Multiple select question. A 6-carbon intermediate is split into two 3-carbon molecules. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. NADH is generated. Phosphate is transferred to glucose.
A 6-carbon intermediate is split into two 3-carbon molecules. - Phosphate is transferred to glucose.
Select reactions that occur during the first stage of glycolysis, called the energy investment stage, which consists of the first five reactions. Multiple select question. A 6-carbon intermediate is split into two 3-carbon molecules. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. Phosphate is transferred to glucose. NADH is generated.
A 6-carbon intermediate is split into two 3-carbon molecules. - Phosphate is transferred to glucose.
Select all of the following that are true of ATP synthesis. Multiple select question. a phosphate group is added to ADP requires an input of energy (endergonic reaction) produces a large output of energy (exergonic reaction) a phosphate group is removed from ADP
A phosphate group is added to ADP requires and input of energy
ATP synthase is an enzyme that forms a channel for hydrogen ions to diffuse across a membrane and power the formation of Multiple choice question. NADH. glucose. oxygen. ATP.
ATP
Mutations to mitochondrial DNA may cause severe disorders if the genes that code for electron transport proteins or ATP synthase are affected because ______ may not be generated. Multiple choice question. oxygen pyruvate ATP carbon dioxide
ATP
The potential energy stored in food (such as glucose) is used by all organisms to make the energy-carrying molecule , which powers cellular activity.
ATP
What molecule powers most energy-requiring cell activities, including active transport, movement of chromosomes and flagella, muscle contraction, and the synthesis of organic molecules? Multiple choice question. RNA DNA H2O ATP
ATP
What molecule powers most energy-requiring cell activities, including active transport, movement of chromosomes and flagella, muscle contraction, and the synthesis of organic molecules? Multiple choice question. RNA H2O ATP DNA
ATP
Glycolysis generates 4 molecules per glucose, but requires an input of ATP molecule(s), producing a net of 2 ATP molecules per glucose.
ATP 2
Select all of the following that are products in the overall equation for aerobic respiration. Multiple select question. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) CO2 (carbon dioxide) DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) C6H12O6 (glucose) O2 (oxygen)
ATP CO2
Anaerobic respiration and fermentation are two pathways that generate ______ in the absence of ______. Multiple choice question. glucose; ATP ATP; glucose ATP; oxygen oxygen; ATP
ATP oxygen
Select all of the following that are required for glycolysis to occur. Multiple select question. ATP FAD oxygen glucose
ATP and glucose
Select reactions that occur during the second stage of glycolysis, called the energy harvest stage and consisting of reactions 6 through 10. Multiple select question. Chemiosmotic phosphorylation occurs. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. ATP donates a phosphate to glucose. Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. NAD+ is reduced to NADH.
ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. - NAD+ is reduced to NADH. two molecules of pyruvate are produced
Select all of the following that cause the difference between the theoretical and actual yields of ATP in aerobic respiration. Multiple select question. ATP is spent transporting pyruvate and ADP into the mitchondrial matrix. One ATP is spent transporting each ATP out of the mitochondria to other organelles. Lipid molecules in cells slow down the function of respiration enzymes. Protons leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane without using ATP synthase.
ATP is spent transporting pyruvate and ADP into the mitochondrial matrix. - Protons leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane without using ATP synthase.
What enzyme uses the energy of a proton gradient to add a phosphate to ADP? Multiple choice question. ATP synthase ADP reductase coenzyme A phosphofructokinase
ATP synthase
Select all of the products of cellular respiration that are used as reactants in photosynthesis. Multiple select question. O2 glucose CO2 H2O
CO2 H2O
Select all of the following that are products of the "transition step" in aerobic cellular respiration. Multiple select question. CO2 NAD+ acetyl CoA NADH pyruvate
CO2 NADH acetly CoA
Select all the products of glycolysis and the Krebs cycle that carry electrons to the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. Multiple select question. FADH2 O2 C6H12O6 (glucose) NADH
FADH2 NADH
Select all of the electron-carrier molecules produced by the Krebs cycle. Multiple select question. RuBP (ribulose biphosphate) FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide) ATP (adenosine triphosphate) NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
FADH2 NADH
In aerobic respiration, what group of reactions releases CO2, ATP, NADH, and FADH2? Multiple choice question. Krebs cycle fermentation glycolysis electron transport chain
Krebs cycle
Multiple Choice Question The anaerobic respiration pathway generates Multiple choice question. less ATP than fermentation. less ATP than aerobic respiration. no ATP. more ATP than aerobic respiration
Less ATP than aerobic respitation
Select all the types of organisms that can rely on fermentation as the sole pathway for producing ATP. Multiple select question. microorganisms in sugar-rich environments most multicellular organisms single-celled organisms animals
Microorganisms in sugar-rich environments and single-celled organism
In lactic acid fermentation, NADH reduces pyruvate, and the products are Blank______ and lactic acid. Multiple choice question. ethanol acetyl CoA NAD+ CO2
NAD+
Select all of the molecules that are reactants of glycolysis. Multiple select question. glucose NAD+ NADH pyruvate
NAD+ glucose
Select all of the following that are reactants of pyruvate oxidation during the "transition step" of cellular respiration. Multiple select question. NAD+ ATP CO2 pyruvate acetyl CoA
NAD+ pyruvate
Select all of the following that are reactants of pyruvate oxidation during the "transition step" of cellular respiration. Multiple select question. NAD+ ATP pyruvate CO2 acetyl CoA
NAD+ pyruvate
elect reactions that occur during the second stage of glycolysis, called the energy harvest stage and consisting of reactions 6 through 10. Multiple select question. NAD+ is reduced to NADH. Chemiosmotic phosphorylation occurs. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation. ATP donates a phosphate to glucose. Two molecules of pyruvate are produced.
NAD+ is reduced to NADH, ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation, and two molecules of pyruvate are produced.
What electron carrier molecule is generated during the reactions of glycolysis? Multiple choice question. carbon dioxide FADH2 oxygen NADH
NADH
Select all of the following that have been produced from the original glucose molecule after glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, and the Krebs cycle occur, but before molecules enter the electron transport chain. Multiple select question. NADH ATP FADH2 CO2 O2 NADPH
NADH ATP FADH2 CO2
The first protein in the electron transport chain accepts electrons from ______, and the second protein in the electron transport chain accepts electrons from ______. Multiple choice question. NADH; ADP NADH; FADH2 FADH2; NADH ADP; NADH
NADH FADH2
Select the molecules that are products of the Krebs cycle. Multiple select question. NADH pyruvate acetyl CoA carbon dioxide FADH2 ATP
NADH carbon dioxide FADH2 ATP
The electron transport chain harnesses the potential energy of the molecules ______, which donate electrons to proteins in the electron transport chain. Multiple choice question. FADH2 and pyruvate ATP and NADH ATP and FAD NADH and FADH2
NADH and FADH2
The rearrangement and oxidation of intermediates in the Krebs cycle transfers electrons to what molecules? Multiple choice question. CO2 and O2 glucose and pyruvate ATP and ADP NADH and FADH2
NADH and FADH2
Select all of the following that are encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Multiple select question. acetyl Co-A proteins of the electron transport chain ATP synthase enzymes of glycolysis
Proteins of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase
Select all of the following that cause the difference between the theoretical and actual yields of ATP in aerobic respiration. Multiple select question. Protons leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane without using ATP synthase. One ATP is spent transporting each ATP out of the mitochondria to other organelles. Lipid molecules in cells slow down the function of respiration enzymes. ATP is spent transporting pyruvate and ADP into the mitchondrial matrix.
Protons leaking across the inner mitochondrial membrane and ATP spent on transporting pyruvate and ADP contribute to the difference between theoretical and actual ATP yields in aerobic respiration.
Select all of the following that are true about alcoholic fermentation. Multiple select question. Lactate is produced. Pyruvate is converted to ethanol and CO2. NADH is produced. NAD+ is produced.
Pyruvate is converted to ethanol and CO2, and NAD+
The fatty acids of fat molecules are converted into two-carbon molecules called ______, which can enter the Krebs cycle of aerobic respiration. Multiple choice question. NAD+ acetyl CoA ethanol pyruvate
acetyl CoA
What molecule carries potential energy originally present in the chemical bonds of glucose and enters the Krebs cycle? Multiple choice question. carbon dioxide NAD+ acetyl CoA malate
acetyl CoA
What product of pyruvate oxidation enters the Krebs cycle? Multiple choice question. acetyl CoA NAD+ + H+ pyruvate CO2
acetyl CoA
Select all of the following that are products of the "transition step" in aerobic cellular respiration. Multiple select question. acetyl CoA CO2 pyruvate NADH NAD+
acetyl CoA CO2 NADH
Select all of the following that are products of the "transition step" in aerobic cellular respiration. Multiple select question. NAD+ pyruvate acetyl CoA NADH CO2
acetyl CoA NADH CO2
Select all of the following that are products of the "transition step" in aerobic cellular respiration. Multiple select question. NAD+ acetyl CoA pyruvate NADH CO2
acetyl CoA, NADH, and carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP is the overall equation for what process? Multiple choice question. photosynthesis fermentation aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
If oxygen is present, most of the known organisms on Earth use the energy pathway ______, which generates the highest amount of ATP of all the energy pathways. Multiple choice question. anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation photosynthesis
aerobic respiration
What cellular process uses glucose and oxygen to produce ATP? Multiple choice question. aerobic respiration fermentation photosynthesis anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
In the anaerobic energy pathway called ______, pyruvate from glycolysis is reduced, NADH is oxidized, and NAD+, ethanol, and CO2 are produced. Multiple choice question. alcoholic fermentation lactic acid fermentation anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration
alcoholic fermentation
Select the two energy pathways that generate ATP from glucose without requiring oxygen. Multiple select question. aerobic cellular respiration anaerobic respiration photorespiration fermentation (with glycolysis)
anaerobic respiration and fermentation
Plants conduct photosynthesis. Which of the following conduct cellular respiration? Multiple choice question. animals and plants only plants and some types of bacteria only plants only animals
animals and plants
Select the molecules that are products of the Krebs cycle. Multiple select question. FADH2 carbon dioxide NADH ATP pyruvate acetyl CoA
carbon dioxide NADH FADH2 ATP
hen protons diffuse across a membrane through ATP synthase, energy is transferred to phosphorylate an ADP, making ATP in the process called ______ phosphorylation. Multiple choice question. chemiosmotic substrate--level C4 fermentation
chemiosmotic
What process of aerobic respiration is shown in the picture? Multiple choice question. chemiosmotic phosphorylation Krebs cycle glycolysis substrate-level phosphorylation
chemiosmotic phosphorylation
The first product of the Krebs cycle is the 6-carbon molecule citrate; hence, the Krebs cycle is also known as the ______ cycle. Multiple choice question. citric acid Calvin C4 vitamin C
citric acid
Aerobic cellular respiration requires that ______ diffuses out of cells, and ______ diffuses into cells. Multiple choice question. CO2; O2 O2; CO2 NADH; ATP ATP; NADH
co2 o2
In the picture, the arrows point to mitochondrial folds called Multiple choice question. nuclei. matrices. cristae. ribosomes.
cristae
What increases the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane? Multiple choice question. cristae thylakoids matrix adhering junctions
cristae
Glycolysis occurs in the ______ of all living cells. Multiple choice question. chloroplasts cytosol mitochondria stroma
cytosol
Glycolysis occurs in the ______ of all living cells. Multiple choice question. mitochondria chloroplasts cytosol stroma
cytosol
bacteria bacteria drop zone empty. shark shark drop zone empty. human human drop zone empty. Gases diffuse across cell membrane. Blood is circulated through gills, and water passing by blood vessels causes diffusion of oxygen into blood vessels and diffusion of carbon dioxide out of blood vessels. Inhaling and exhaling of air causes diffusion of oxygen into blood vessels and diffusion of carbon dioxide out of blood vessels at the lungs
gases diffuse across cell membrane blood is circulated though gills, and water passing by blood vessels causes diffusions of oxygen into blood vessels and diffusion of carbon dioxide out of blood vessels inhaling and exhaling of air causes diffusion of oxygen into blood vessels and diffusion of carbon dioxide out of blood vessels at the lungs
The polysaccharides starch and glycogen are broken down during digestion into ______ monomers, which can enter cellular respiration to generate ATP. Multiple choice question. citrate amino acid pyruvate glucose
glucose
Aerobic respiration captures energy from the oxidation of ______ and reduction of ______ and stores the captured energy in the bonds of ATP. Multiple choice question. carbon dioxide; glucose glucose; oxygen oxygen; carbon dioxide amino acids; ammonia
glucose oxygen
Select all the food molecules that can be broken down into glucose monomers, which enter aerobic respiration at the beginning of glycolysis. Multiple select question. fats glycogen proteins starch
glycogen starch
During what step of cellular respiration is glucose split into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules? Multiple choice question. fermentation glycolysis electron transport chain Krebs cycle
glycolysis
The monomers of starch and glycogen food molecules first enter aerobic respiration at what step? Multiple choice question. pyruvate oxidation the electron transport chain glycolysis the Krebs cycle
glycolysis
Select all of the following steps of cellular respiration that generate ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation—that is, without a proton gradient. Multiple select question. transition step glycolysis electron transport chain Krebs cycle
glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
Why do scientists think glycolysis was probably the first energy pathway to evolve? Multiple choice question. Glycolysis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, which is required for advanced biochemical pathways. Glycolysis is conducted by the simplest life forms but not by advanced organisms, like plants. The end product of glycolysis is the starting material of photosynthesis. Glycolysis is conducted by nearly all organisms.
glycolysis is conducted by nearly all organisms.
Select all of the following that are stages of aerobic cellular respiration. Multiple select question. light reactions glycolysis photorespiration Krebs cycle electron transport chain Calvin cycle
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
Approximately 32% of the potential energy in a molecule of glucose is captured in ATP through aerobic respiration; the remainder is lost as Multiple choice question. heat. lactic acid. glucose. protons.
heat
n the electron transport chain, energy from electron transfers powers the pumping of ______ into the intermembrane compartment by some of the proteins in the chain. Multiple choice question. O2 hydrogen ions potassium ions ADP
hydrogen ions
Within mitochondria, the electron transport chain and ATP synthase proteins are located in the Multiple choice question. inner mitochondrial membrane. matrix. outer mitochondrial membrane. intermembrane compartment.
inner mitochondrial membrane
After nitrogen is removed from the amino acids in protein-containing foods, the remainder of the amino acids can enter aerobic respiration pathways as what molecules? Multiple select question. an intermediate in the Krebs cycle glucose a protein in the electron transport chain pyruvate acetyl CoA
intermediate in the kerbs cycle pyruvate acetyl CoA
The area between the outer and inner membranes of a mitochondrion is called the ______ compartment. Multiple choice question. endoplasmic matrix intermembrane thylakoid
intermembrane
What space of the mitochondrion is the arrow pointing to in the picture? Multiple choice question. intermembrane compartment mitochondrial matrix cytoplasm mesophyll
intermembrane compartment
What happens to the lactate produced by muscle cells that conduct fermentation to acquire ATP? Multiple choice question. Cells consume it within a short time. Lactate donates a phosphate group to ADP, regenerating ATP. Lactate lowers the pH of cytoplasm. Lactate releases H+ and causes muscle soreness the next day.
is consumed within a short time
Intermediates from what pathway can be used in the manufacture of amino acids and fats? Multiple choice question. pyruvate oxidation electron transport chain fermentation Krebs cycle
krebs cycle
When there is no oxygen available to human muscle cells, the cells can continue to make ATP for a short time using glycolysis as part of Multiple choice question. lactic acid fermentation. aerobic respiration. anaerobic respiration. the Calvin cycle.
lactic acid fermentation
The anaerobic respiration pathway generates Multiple choice question. less ATP than fermentation. no ATP. less ATP than aerobic respiration. more ATP than aerobic respiration.
less ATP than aerobic respiration
Select molecules that have stored potential energy and that can be used in aerobic respiration to generate ATP. Multiple select question. lipids water proteins carbon dioxide carbohydrates
lipids proteins carbohydrates
The arrow is pointing to what component of a mitochondrion? Multiple choice question. mesophyll intermembrane compartment outer membrane matrix
matrix
The fluid enclosed within the inner membrane of a mitochondrion is called the Multiple choice question. cristae matrix. lymph. stroma.
matrix
The fluid enclosed within the inner membrane of a mitochondrion is called the Multiple choice question. lymph. matrix. cristae stroma.
matrix
Within mitochondria, the Krebs cycle takes place in the Multiple choice question. cristae. matrix. intermembrane compartment. outer mitochondrial membrane.
matrix
In the cells of protists, plants, fungi, and animals, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain take place in organelles called Multiple choice question. plasmids. ribosomes. mitochondria. chloroplasts.
mitochondria
Select all the organelles that contain electron transport chains within their inner membranes or inner compartments and that are likely to have arisen from endosymbiosis of bacteria with electron transport chains on their cell membranes. Multiple select question. nuclei Golgi apparatus lysosomes mitochondria chloroplasts
mitochondria chloroplasts
Pyruvate is the product of glycolysis, and after it moves into the ______, it is oxidized to form ______ that enters the Krebs cycle. Multiple choice question. cytosol; acetyl CoA mitochondrial matrix; acetyl CoA mitochondrial matrix; malate cytosol; malate
mitochondrial acetyl CoA
What organelle in a eukaryotic cell provides most of the cell's ATP? Multiple choice question. Golgi apparatus nucleus mitochondrion chloroplast
mitochondrion
Select all of the following that are reactants of pyruvate oxidation during the "transition step" of cellular respiration. Multiple select question. acetyl CoA pyruvate CO2 ATP NAD+
pyruvate NAD+
Muscle soreness in humans is not likely due to a pH drop from fermentation because Multiple choice question. muscle cells conduct alcoholic fermentation, not lactic acid fermentation. muscle cells produce lactate, not lactic acid. muscle cells produce ethanol, not lactic acid. muscle cells conduct anaerobic respiration, not fermentation.
muscle cells produce lactate, not lactic acid.
Glycolysis can occur Multiple choice question. in aerobic conditions only and requires oxygen. in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. in aerobic conditions only. in anaerobic conditions only.
occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor, ______, combines with hydrogen ions to form water. Multiple choice question. NADH FADH2 oxygen carbon dioxide
oxygen
What byproduct of photosynthesis is used as the final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration? Multiple choice question. ATP glucose carbon dioxide oxygen
oxygen
The Krebs cycle not only produces ATP and electron carriers, but intermediate molecules formed in the Krebs cycle can also be used Multiple choice question. to store the genetic information of the mitochondrion. in pathways that manufacture amino acids or fats. as final electron acceptors in aerobic respiration. in photosynthetic electron transport.
pathways that manufacture amino acids or fats
In substrate-level phosphorylation, a molecule donates a(n) ______ group to ADP to form ATP, and a ______ is not required. Multiple choice question. phosphate; donor molecule amino; proton gradient phosphate; proton gradient amino; donor molecule
phosphate proton gradient
Select all of the cellular activities that require ATP. Multiple select question. protein synthesis active transport passive transport diffusion cell movement
protein synthesis active transport cell movement
Enzymes separate the glycerol and fatty acids of fats in food molecules; then the glycerol is converted to ______, which is able to enter aerobic respiration. Multiple choice question. glucose acetyl CoA pyruvate an electron carrier
pyruvate
Enzymes separate the glycerol and fatty acids of fats in food molecules; then the glycerol is converted to ______, which is able to enter aerobic respiration. Multiple choice question. pyruvate acetyl CoA an electron carrier glucose
pyruvate
In fermentation, ______ produced by glycolysis is reduced, and ______ is regenerated, which allows glycolysis to continue to produce a small amount of ATP. Multiple choice question. pyruvate; NAD+ pyruvate; glucose acetyl CoA; NAD+ acetyl CoA; glucose
pyruvate NAD+
Select organisms that are able to generate ATP by conducting anaerobic respiration, which includes an electron transport chain with an inorganic molecule other than oxygen as the final electron acceptor. Multiple select question. yeasts some animals some archaeans some bacteria
some archaeans some bacteria
What method is used to generate ATP in glycolysis? Multiple choice question. ATP synthase proton gradient substrate-level phosphorylation chemiosmotic phosphorylation
substrate-level phosphorylation.
Select all of the following that can be a final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. Multiple select question. sulfate oxygen nitrate carbon dioxide
sulfate nitrate carbon dioxide
ATP ATP drop zone empty. photosynthesis photosynthesis drop zone empty. cellular respiration cellular respiration drop zone empty. supplies power to almost all cellular activities requiring energy uses light energy to produce food in the form of glucose converts the energy in food to an energy-carrying molecule
supplies power to almost all cellular activities requiring energy uses light energy to produce food in the form of glucose converts the energy in food to an energy-carrying molecule
Plants use a portion of the glucose they produce in photosynthesis to make ATP in cellular respiration. True false question.TrueFalse
true
