Biology- Chapter 8: Photosynthesis

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O+energy-------6(CH2O)+6O2

Why is chlorophyll important for photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll absorbs light which raises the energy levels of electrons. These high energy electrons make photosynthesis happen.

What is the plant cell organelle in which photosynthesis takes place?

Chloroplasts

Pigments

Molecules in plants that absorb light from the sun.

Factors that affect photosynthesis

Water, temperature, and light.

Photosynthesis converts _______ energy into the ______energy of sugars and other organic compounds.

light; chemical

How does carbon dioxide affect the rate of photosynthesis?

The more carbon dioxide, the faster the rate of photosynthesis- for example, in the lab, there were more bubbles per minute.

What do plants use photosynthesis for?

To make food for the plant.

How is the plant able to obtain each "ingredient?"

1. Plants obtain water from the roots. 2. Water is brought to the leaf. 3. Water eventually moves into the cells, then to the vacuoles. 4. Plants obtain carbon dioxide from the air through the stomas in the leaves.

Summarize process of photosynthesis

1. Water and carbon enter the chloroplast. 2. When the sun hits the leaf, the chlorophyll absorbs the energy. 3. Then a chemical reaction occurs where the water and carbon dioxide change into sugar and oxygen. 4. The light energy is stored in the sugar.

NADP+

A carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. It accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion. Then converts to NADPH.

How does an increase (and a severe decrease) in temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

It slows the rate of photosynthesis.

Calvin Cycle

Light INDEPENDENT reaction that takes place in the stroma. (Does not require light.) Uses ATP and NADPH from the light dependent reactions to make sugar.

What happens to the oxygen that is produced during photosynthesis?

Plants do not need oxygen so it's released into the air.

What do plants need in order to perform photosynthesis?

Plants need light. They also need water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll.

Chlorophyll

A group of green pigments found in plants. It is a pigment that works in photosynthesis. VERY IMPORTANT FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Example- the yellow-green color of a leaf is due to a pigment in the leaf called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs most of the colors of light (red, blue, orange) and reflects most of the green and yellow light.

Why is photosynthesis important for people and animals?

Because it creates the oxygen in the air that we breathe. Also, when we eat fruits and vegetables we are getting energy from plants. This is the energy that was once the energy from the sun.

Photosynthesis

Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates, such as sugar and starches.

How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

The closer the light is to the plant, the faster the rate of photosynthesis.