Biology Cor230b

what is the ultimate source of the oxygen used by all aerobic organisms comes from a reactionthat breaks down

carbon dioxide

The emzyme ribisco is important in the process of

carbon fixation

each time a person takes a breath, they are bringing in the oxygen needed to stay alive. The ultimate source of

carbon fixation

Chromosomes in a homologous pair

consist of one maternal and one paternal chromosomes

all of the following contribute to genetic uniqueness except

crossing-over

you are given an unknown substance and ask to determine whether it is polar or nonpolar. The easist way to do this would be to

determine whether the compound disovles in water.

which of the following is a part of accepted cell theory

every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells arise from preexisting cells.

which two processes combine to create genetic diversity and maintain chromosome number

fertilization and meiosis

the emzyme ribisco is important to the process of

glycolysis

which celluar respiration occurs outside the mitchondria

glycolysis

the three stages of celluar respiration are

glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorlation

if a man is affected by an x-link recessive condition and his wife is a carrier, what is the probability of their children being effective

half of their sons will be effected.

sodium chloride is formed when positively charged sodium ions and negatively charges chloride ions are electrostatically attracted to each other. This attraction is best described as a(n)

ionic bond

which of the following statements about cell division is correct

it is a process by which organism reproduces and grow

during exercise the increase in respiration and heart rate are driven by the need to replenish the oxygen used to support

lactic acid fermentation

If the mitochondria of a cell did not produce an inner membrane, the motchondria would be unable to

maintain the proton gradient required for the ATP production

chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell during which portion of cell division

metaphase

the genetic material found in all living organisms is m ade of building blocks/monomers called

nucleotides

specific product of light dependent reaction released to atmosphere

oxygen

which of the following is a product of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis

oxygen

which of the following substances can diffuse most easily through the plasma membrane

oxygen and carbon dioxide

neighboring water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds because

partially negative charged oxygen atoms and partially positively charges hydrogen atoms on seperate water molecules are electrostatically attracted to one another.

what is the impotance of photosynthesis to organisms other than plants

photosynthesis captures energy that other organisms access when they ingest or absorb nutrients from photosynthetic organisms

Oxygen is moderately more electronegative that H. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together within an individual water molecule by bonds.

polar covalent

a pundent square is used to

predict the genotypes and phenotypes of a genetic cross

light dependent reactions

produce oxygen gas, produces energy carriers, uses water

light independent reactions

produces sugar, uses energy carriers, and uses carbon dioxide

select the steps in meiosis that generate genetic diversity

prophase and metaphase of meiosis 1

the proper order of mitotic cell division stages are

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Ribosomes are very small non-membrane-bound structures that can either exist freely in the cytoplasm or be embedded in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of a cell. they are associated with the synthesis of

proteins

the role of water in photosynthesis is to

provide electrons tothe chlorophyll

In photosynthesis the carbon used to make sugars is

provided by carbon dioxide

prophase

replicated chromosomes condense and attach to the mitotic spindle

carbon dioxide is one process of a metobolic process, which occurs both in plants and animals. this process is called

respiration

which of the following cell types can be produced by meosis

sperm

Which of the following observation would naturally lead to a hypothesis that increased studying improves a students preformance on assessments?

students who appear to spend more time engaging with course material have the highest exam scores.

the centromeres split and the sister cromatids seperate during which phase of mitosis

telophase

what is the significance of crossing over

the chromosomes are randomly distributed into daughter cells

describe the function of the light dependent reaction in photosynthesis

the light dependent reactions capture and store the electrons given off by NADPH

metaphase

the mitotic spindle aligns the replicated chromosomes at the center of the cell.

what the difference between a sperm cell and a skin cell

the sperm cell has one allele and the skin cell has two alleles

The krebs cycle functions to

transfer chemical energy from the pyruvate to energy carriers

which of the following accurately describes viruses?

typically a piece of genetic material encased in proteins; they are small, noncelluar infectious agents that are only cabable of reproducing when inside a living cell such as those of plants animals or bacteria.

The events of the calvin/carbon fixation cycle

use ATP and NADTP to produce high energy sugars.

the succesful union of one male and one female gamete forms a single cell known as a

zygote

the events of the calvin cycle

uses ATP and NADPH to produce sugars

which of the following choices represents the genotype of an individual diploid organism

BbCCdd

Human muscle cells need a large amounts of ATP to function in the movement of the body, which is why are especially abundant in muscle cells

Mitrochondria

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms are held together by chemical bonds to form of sugar.

Molecules

which of the following molecules carries electrons to the electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation

NADH

the krebs cycle produces

NADH, ATP, FADH2

Glycolsis is an anaerobic process, which mean that the glycolysis reactions

do not require oxygen

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a phosphate group

energy is released and can power celluar activities

A replicated chromosomes consist of sister chromatids

four

prokaryotes and eukaryotes are primarily distingushed by the absence or presence of

membrane-bound organelles, especially the nucleus.

during exercise, the increase in respiration rate and heart rate are driven by the need toreplenish the oxygen used to support

oxidative phosphorlation in muscle cell mitochondria

glycolysis is an areobic process, indicating the the glycolytic reactions

produce molecular oxygen

in animals the outcome of meiosis is

production of eggs and sperm

what is consumed or synthesized in virtually every celluar reaction?

sugars

anaphase

the sister chromatids seperate and become individual chromosomes at the center of the cell

how many H atoms does N tyipically bond to in order to form a stable molecule

three

an atom of nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons and 7 electrons. what is its atomic mass?

14

the non sex cell of a thoroughbreed racehorse could have, at most, alleles of the same gene for a mendelian trait

2

A sample of pure water is analyzed for the atoms present. which of the following would be the correct percentages of atoms present in the sample?

33.3 percent oxygen, 66.6 pecent hydrogen.

if a diploid cell has a total of 18 chromosomes how many chromosomes would be present in each of its gametes

36

Which of the following statements describes the function of the light-dependent reaction in photosynthesis

As electrons move through the light dependent reaction, they release energy that is used to concentrate protons inside the thylakoid, which provides energy to synthesize ATP

Ionic Bonds , whereas covalent bonds .

Hold together oppositely charged atoms; hold togehter atoms that share electron pairs.

Ross places wilting carrots in a glass of water overnight, the next day the carrots were crispy and crunchy. the most likely explanation of why they become crunchy after soaking overnight is that the water was to the carrot's cells, resulting in the net movement of the cells.

Hypotonic; into

A scientific hypothesis must be constructed with which of the following characteristics?

It provides a reasonable explanation to a question and is consistent with current obsevations; it must also be testable and falsifiable.

which of the following is mostly to participate in ionic bonding?

Li+

A researcher in a lab test a food item and identifies protein in it. The food item must also contain

Lipids

specific products of light dependent reaction used by the Clavin/carbon fixation cycle

NADPH and ATP, energy carriers

developing a scenitific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

Observing a quantifiable natural phenomenon.

An allele is

a trait that can be effected by the external enviorment

Macromolecules/Polymers are typically formed by joining monomers together. Which marcomolecule/polymer is correctly matched with its monomer?

amino acids-polypeptide/protein

the process of mitosis, meosis, and binary fission all

are used to produce daughter cells

When sodium cholride is disolved in water, the sodium ions are

attracted to the oxygen atoms of water molecules.

bacterial cell division process is

binary fission

a plant cell is mutated so that ATP syntase no longer functions. which process will be affected

both photosynthesis and respiration