Biology (diffusion)

list 2 characteristics that almost all transport proteins share

-span the length of the membrane -changes change when binded

key distinguishing feature of active transport proteins?

-uses energy in order to move material against the concentration gradient

characteristics of both exocytosis and endocytosis

-vesicles -uses energy

most active transport proteins use energy from the breakdown of *blank*

ATP

passive transport requires no

ATP energy

People with excess energy are described as hyper. How does this relate to the meaning of hypertonic?

Hyper people have more energy then most people, this is the same as hypertonic has more solutes then other solutions

how is active transport different than simple diffusion & facilitated diffusion?

active transport drives molecules from lower concentration to higher while diffusion is the transportation of molecules across the membrane through character proteins.

how is active similar to facilitated diffusion

active transport is similar to facilitated diffusion as it uses a transport proteins

the difference in the concentration of a substance from 1 location to another is a

concentration gradient

passive transport is an example of

diffusion & osmosis

characteristics of endocytosis

drinking pinocytosis lysosomes- beaks down uses energy to move materials into cell moves substances into vesicles

how does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?

facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of molecules across the membrane through a transport proteins to make the transport easier while simple diffusion is the movement of particles from a higher to a lower concentration

the word facilitate means'to make easier'. how does this meaning apply to facilitated diffusion?

facilitated diffusion makes the transportation of molecules across the membrane easier as they travelled through proteins

which solution has the highest concentration of particles?

hypertonic solution

which solution has the highest concentration of water molecules?

hypotonic solution

the higher the concentration of dissolved particles in a solution, the *blank* the concentration of water molecules in that solution

lower

during endocytosis, the vesicle membrane fuses with a lysosome and the membrane and its content are broken down by

lysosome enzymes

diffusion gets it energy from

natural particle movement

what term means "cell eating" and describes a type of endocytosis?

phagocytosis

the cell membrane allows some, but not all, molecules to cross. What term describes this property?

selective permeability

what is a concentration gradient?

the difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

osmosis is

the diffusion of water

what does it mean for a molecule to diffuse down a concentration gradient?

the molecule went from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

diffusion is

the movement of particles in a fluid or gas form a region of higher concentration

what process drives molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient?

the process that drives molecules across a membrane against the concentration gradient is active transport.

In facilitated diffusion do molecules move down a concentration gradient or against the concentration gradient?

they move down the concentration gradient

the prefix exo- means "out of" and the prefix endo- means "taking in'. how do these meaning relate to the meaning of exocytosis and endocytosis?

they relate as endocytosis releases materials and moves it out of the cell, and endocytosis takes material into the cell.

characteristics of exocytosis

uses energy to release materials from the cell moves substances in to vesicles

a cell may transport a substance in *blank* if the substance is too large to cross the membrane

vesicle