Biology: Formative Assesment
Modern whales have a vestigial pelvis and femur. What does this evidence suggest about ancestors of modern whales?
His ancestor probably walked
What is the correct statement about the relationship between natural select and evolution?
Natural selection is one mechanism of evolution
When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for...
Natural variations that are present in a species
If a species is suddenly introduced into a new habitat, what might occur?
Adaptive Radiation
What is the term describing the process that occurs when a species evolves into a new species without a physical barrier separating populations?
Adaptive radiation
Superficially similar features molded by natural selection in very different species are classified as what kind of structures?
Analogous
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is...
Artificial Selection
The hypothesis that a species change over times by natural selection was proposed by..
Charles Darwin
What is an accurate comparison of derived traits and ancestral traits?
Derived traits are recent features; ancestral traits are more primitive features.
Darwin's theory of evolution suggest that
Species change over time
Biochemical traits help Darwin unravel his theory of evolution
False
Darwin developed his theory of evolution exclusively from his work on the Galapagos Islands
False
Fossils, although interesting, do no actually provide evidence of evolution
False
In NATURAL SELECTION, human breeders, rather than the environment, select the variations of traits to be passed to offspring.
False; artificial
Embryos of different organisms exhibit homologous structures during certain phases of development that become totally different structure in adult forms. This indicates that organisms evolved from DIFFERENT ancestors.
False; common
Gradualism and punctuated equilibrium are SIMILAR models of evolution
False; different
The term FITNESS refers to an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
False; natural selection
Punctuated equilibrium and gradualism are two models that describe the CAUSE of speciation.
False; rate
Humans born with either below-normal or above-normal birth weights have a lower chance of survival than those born with average birth weights. Consequently, birth weights vary little in human populations. This form of natural selection is called DIRECTIONAL SELECTION.
False; stabalizing
How do fossils demonstrate evidence of evolution?
Homologous structures indicated a common ancestor
A population diverges and becomes reproductively isolated. What is the best description of that phenomenon?
Sexual selection
A mutation is random change in GENETIC material
True
A vestigial structure in one organism can be defined as a reduced form of a functional structure in another organism.
True
According to Charles Darwin, individuals best suited to their environment and REPRODUCE most successfully.
True
Artificial selection as practiced by farmers is also called SELECTIVE BREEDING
True
Homologous structures indicate a shared ancestry, while vestigial structures do not
True
Natural selection is based on the concepts of excess reproduction, variation, inheritance, and the advantages of certain traits
True
The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the
birds's different-shaped beaks
Certain animal structures that have different functions in different species and develop from the same embryonic tissues are called--- structures
homologous
An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be..
physical or behavioral
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed...
somewhat similar species, with traits that suited their particular environments
Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to...
surviving in the environment they inhabited
