Biology now! exam #1

Data

Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

Process of Science

Scientific method; Observation, hypothesis, prediction, design test based on prediction, analyza results, accept or reject hypothesis

Atom

The smaller unit of an element that retains its distinctive properties

non-soluble

The solute cannot be dissolved in a particular solvent.

Experiment

a repeatable procedure that is used to test a hypothesis

Molecules

atoms linked by covalent bonds

Amino Acids

building blocks of proteins

Acids

compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

Peer-reviewed

evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field.

Primary literature

first publication of scientific research that contains actual data and with controls

Polymers

large compound formed from combinations of many monomers, Proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

main energy source that cells use for most of their work

pH scale

measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14

inorganic molecules

non-carbon based molecules

Bias

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

treatment group

the experimental group, which is maintained under the same standard set of conditions as the control group. But the independent variable is manipulated

Scientific literacy

understanding basic scientific terms and principles

Hydrogen bond

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

Products

Ending materials in a chemical reaction.

Lipids

Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Shells of atoms

2 electrons Finnish first shell a8 electrons finish second shell

Covalent bond

A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

DNA

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

Theory

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data. Multiple times

Solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Mass

A pure substance that has distinctive physical and chemical properties, and that cannot be broken down

Reactants

A starting material in a chemical reaction

Electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge

Neutron

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Proton

A subatomic particle with a positive electric charge

Hypothesis

An informed, logical, and plausible explanation for observations of the natural world A statement, not a question

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space. Makes up everything in life

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

Proteins

Chains of amino acids

Pseudoscience

Characterized by scientific-sounding statements, beliefs, or practices that are not based on the scientific method

Bases

Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

Nucleic acids

DNA and RNA. Most crucial part of polymers

Condensation

Gas to liquid, opposite of evaperation

Hydrogen

H 1

Water

H2O, universal solvant

Mass number

How much the atom weighs, combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Control group

In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.

Basic research

Intended to expand the fundamental knowledge of science; Ex: textbooks

Analyzation

Looking for patterns in the data

Density

Mass/volume

Atomic number

Number of protons in an atoms's nucleus, top left corner

Causation

The action of cousing something

Solute

The dissolved substance

Independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

Dependent variable

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

Correlation

Two or more aspects of the natural world behave in an interrelated manner

Statistics

Using math tools to qualify the reliability of the data and their patterns

Hydrophobic

Water fearing

Hydeophilic

Water loving

Observation

a description, measurement, or record of any object or phenomenon

Variables

an element, feature, or factor that is liable to vary or change.

Soluble

capable of being dissolved in water

Biomolecules

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Solution

combination of solute and solvent

nonpolar molecule

molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends

Polar molecule

molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end, They have opposite charged ends

organic molecules

molecules that contain carbon

RNA

ribonucleic acid

Carbohydrates

simple sugars

secondary literature

sources that give a basic overview or a topic, or summarize research results

chemical reaction

the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances

evaperation

the prosses where a liquid changes into a gas

Oxygen

thing we breath in and has the atomic number of 8