biology quiz 10/1

Hydrophilic is water loving/attracting. The portion of the bilayer that is hydrophilic is the phospholipid of the cell membrane head.

Define hydrophilic. Which portion of the bilayer is hydrophilic?

Hydrophobic is water fearing/repeling. The portion of the bilayer that is hydrophobic is the phospholipid of the cell membrane tails.

Define hydrophobic. Which portion of the bilayer is hydrophobic?

The function of the proteins embedded in the cell membrane help more molecules like glucose across cell membranes without energy.

Describe the function of the proteins embedded in the cell membrane?

The cell membrane is constantly vibrating, creating small openings within the structure. Therefore, the phospholipids can allow water and other smaller molecules to pass through into or out of the cell, without the use of energy.

List the responsibilities of the cell membrane?

Plasma Membrane. It is made of a phospholipid bilayer, it protects/encloses/and controls the transportation of materials in and out of the cell.

What is another name for the cell membrane? Generally speaking, identify the overall structure of the cell membrane.

The movement of materials in and out of the cell do not require energy when phospholipids allow water and other small molecules to pass through into or out of the cell, which is also known as diffusion.

When does the movement of materials in and out of the cell NOT require energy?

pinocytosis, phagocytosis

_____ is cell drinking; _____ is cell eating

contractile vacuoles

are organelles that regulate water levels in paramecia

ion chamels

are proteins, or groups of proteins, that provide small passageways across the cell membrane through which specific ions can diffuse

endocytosis

cells ingest external materials by folding around them and forming a pouch

cholesterol

helps maintain flexibility of membrane

exocytosis

in this vesicles made by the cell fuse with the cell membrane release their contents into the external environment

glycoproteins

involved in cell to cell recognition

passive transport

involves the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without an input of energy by the cell

osmosis

is the diffusion of water across a membrane

diffusion

is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the molecules' kinetic energy until equilibrium is reached

sodium potassium pump

moves 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassiums in

active transport

moves molecules across the cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

vesicle

the pouch then pinches off and becomes a membrane bound organelle called this

hypertonic

when the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than that in the cytosol, the solution outside is _____ to the cytosol, and water will diffuse out of the cell

isotonic

when the solute concentrations outside and inside the cell are equal, the solution outside is _____, and there will be no net movement of water

Cells are able to recognize various molecules and other types of cells through glycoproteins and carbohydrate chains.

How are cells able to recognize various molecules and other types of cells?