Biology Quiz 4 - Eubacteria, Archaea, Viruses, Prions, and Viroids
Bacteria which are part of the normal flora may cause disease when the immune system is compromised. This ailment is called a(n) __________________________________
opportunistic infection
_______________________________ is composed of large deposits of the silicon exoskeletons of members of the phylum Bacillariophyta.
Diatomaceous earth
the study of algae =
phycology
pathogenic abnormal protein structure =
prion
A virion is able to recognize the correct host cell when the _______________________ of the host cell and the viral attachment protein of the virion match up
receptor site
One of the limitations of the light microscope is the _________________________
resolving power
concentration of salt in water =
salinity
obtain food from dead organic material =
saprophyte
mutually positive relationship =
symbiosis
Bacteria share genetic material through the processes called bacterial conjugation, transformation, and ___________________
transduction
Viruses which typically have a lipid covering called an envelope are released from the host cell through ________________________
viral budding
single virus unit =
virion
pathogenic RNA molecule =
viroid
scientist who studies viruses =
virologist
__________________ is caused by four known Plasmodium species which rely on a mosquito insect vector.
Malaria
organisms in which a parasite lives =
host
microorganisms commonly found living in or on a human =
normal flora
area of prokaryotic cell that is dense with genetic material =
nucleoid
Rickettsia is an example of an ___________________________________ which can only replicate inside a host cell.
obligate intracellular parasite
organism which lives in or on another organism =
parasite
organism which causes disease =
pathogen
___________________________ is a group of bacteria that used to be classified as algae.
Cyanobacteria
______________________ is the material found in the bacterial cell wall that forms a molecular basis of the Gram stain.
Peptidoglycan
First, ______________________ stain is applied, a series of rinses are used, and then a _________________ stain is applied. A ______________________ bacteria culture will stain purple or blue, while a ______________________ bacteria culture will stain pink.
crystal violet, safranine, Gram-positive, Gram-negative
Thermoacidophiles thrive in ___________________ environments.
hot, acidic
The thread-like structures which are the building blocks of fungi are called ________________
hyphae
rupturing of a cell =
lysis
All known diseases caused by prions affect the _______________________ of the host organism.
nervous system
In what order does that lytic viral replication cycle go in?
1. attachment 2. penetration 3. uncoating 4. replication 5. release
The earth's oceans have a salinity of approximately 3.5% while the Dead Sea has a salinity of approximately _______________________
30%-35%
During a latent infection caused by a virus, the viral replication is ___________________________________ until some outside stimulant causes the virus to enter the lytic cycle.
postponed indefinitely
structure of an alga =
thallus
without free oxygen =
anaerobic
