biology unit 10

The oceans absorb carbon through three processes that draw atmospheric carbon dioxide into the oceans: the physical carbon pump, the biological carbon pump and the carbonate pump. In which scenario would a carbon sink be the result of the physical carbon pump mechanism?

More CO2 is diffusing into sea surface water than is diffusing from sea surface water out to the atmosphere.

What can be interpreted from the graph?

Number of microbes increases exponentially with time.

Carbon is a major component of all organic compounds, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbon dioxide is continually exchanged between the atmosphere and oceans. What geological process returns carbon to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide?

volcanic activity

Consider the bar graph comparing the number of frogs in four different habitats. Based on the information above about frogs, what is the MOST LIKELY factor limiting the frog population?

water

In recent decades rainforests throughout the world have been cut down for various reasons. In some cases the wood has been used; in others, the land. The deforestation of Earth's rainforests has resulted in

habitat destruction and the overall decrease in biodiversity.

What is NOT an impact that an invasive non-native species has on an ecosystem?

improves forest productivity and overall health

Carbon becomes part of the carbon cycle in several ways, both by physical and chemical means. Carbon enters a food web via __________ through the process of ______________. Responses

producers; photosynthesis

Which of these physical factors most shapes the characteristics of a ecosystem?

temperature and rainfall

Excess carbon gases released into the atmosphere cause additional radiation to be retained and Earth's average temperature to increase. This phenomenon is known as

the greenhouse effect

Primordial swamps decomposing under ancient seas and tons of rock layers gave rise to an important fuel used today. That fuel is

coal

s a result of the absence of clover, the hairstreak population in this location will MOST LIKELY

decrease to a level near extinction.

A Density Independent Limiting Factor is a limiting factor of a population that can affect population growth no matter what the population density. What is a density independent limiting factor that can affect the human population growth of North Carolina?

hurricanes

Green sea turtles eat sea grass that grows on the sea floor. Seagrass, a foundation species, provides an important breeding ground for fish and other marine organisms. A conservation program for the green sea turtles plans to introduce more turtles into an ecosystem. What could be the immediate effect of this on the ecosystem?

There would be a decrease in the population of marine organisms.

Many cultures and religions have customs which deal with the way they use the land. For example, in Judaism, it is required that a field be left fallow (unplanted) every seventh year. What is one beneficial effect of customs like this?

They prevent the land from being overused.

There are several models of the carbon cycle. Which model shows the causes and amounts of carbon flux into and out of the cycle?

a

The table shows moose populations in Bullwinkle National Park, over a 35 year period. What could have been responsible for the decrease in the moose population in 1990?

a disease epidemic

What is the relationship between the pH of pond water and the survival rate of animal species living in the pond?

As the pH decreases, the number of surviving species decreases.

The graph illustrates what has happened over an 8 year period, when non-native Nile perch were introduced to Lake Malawi in Africa. Environmental factors remained the same during this period (i.e., temperature, pH, water levels, etc.) Based on the data, what recommendation would you make to African biologists?

Remove or reduce the Nile perch as quickly as possible, as it is clearly out-competing the pike cichlid.

Protected areas are an extremely important part of programs to conserve biodiversity and ecosystems, especially for sensitive habitats. There are two methods of biodiversity conservation: in-situ (natural home) or ex-situ (artificial home). All BUT ONE is an example of an in-situ method of conservation. That is a

botanical garden

What human activity would have the most significant effect on the temperature of the earth?

burning fossil fuels

There is much interdependence among the biogeochemical cycles on Earth. Explain how warmer ocean water involved in these cycles.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, would cause rising ocean temperatures, which will cause an increase in evaporation. The added water vapor would further increase climate change.

Because of the connection between greenhouse gases and climate change, there has been a concerted effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. How does this second graph, published by the EPA, support the growing trend in reducing these emissions?

It does not support the idea that there is a great reduction in any sector of greenhouse gases. The lines in the second graph remain reasonably flat throughout the sectors in the graph.

Based on the graph, what conclusion can be made about loggerhead sea turtles and their habitat?

The central part of the beach has been least affected by habitat loss

Because of the connection between greenhouse gases and climate change, there has been a concerted effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The decrease in CO2 emissions in 2015 from fossil fuel combustion was a result of multiple factors. Which of the following is not a reasonable factor in this decrease?

a slight decrease in the use of public transportation during the time period where data was collected.

Elk herds in Yellowstone National Park are herbivores that eat on the available vegetation. Which factor is important to ensure the stability of this ecosystem?

The predators, such as grey wolves, to keep the elk population from growing too large.