Biology: Virus and Bacteria Vocab

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A virus that is spread through sexual contacts

AIDS

Require oxygen to grow

Aerobes

Don't require oxygen to grow

Anaerobes

The _____ of the virus enters to host's _______.

Genetic material and cytoplasm

A cell in which a virus replicates

Host

A virus attaches to the ______.

Host cell

The viral DNA integrates into a __________.

Host cell chromosone

Nervous system disease

Rabies

Where viruses attach to a host cell

Receptor cite

RNA virus that contains RNA as its genetic information.

Retrovirus

Bacteriophages infect _____.

Bacteria

Most _______ are benefitial.

Bacteria

A virus that infects bacteria

Bacteriophage

The prokaryotic chromosone replicates, and the original chromosone, and the new copy separate.

Bionary fission

The process using bacteria to clean up the environment is know as.....

Bioremdiation

How do viruses cause diease?

By destroying cells or affecting cellular processes

Outer layer of a virus made of proteins

Capsid

Do not require light for energy (non-photosynthesis)

Chemoautrophs

Three types of prokaryote

Cocci, bacilli, spirochetes

During what process do prokaryotes exchange genetic information?

Conjugation

Genetic material of a virus

DNA or RNA

Some bacteria are ______ that return vital nutrients to the environment.

Decomposers

Viral genes can remain _______ for some time.

Dormant

Dormant bacterial cell

Endospore

Resistant to harsh environments and might be able to survive extreme heat, extreme cold, dehydration, and large amounds of ultraviolent raditation.

Endospore

New viruses leave the cell by _________ or by causing the cell to lyse.

Exocytosis

Unlike lytic viruses, lysogenic viruses do not ____.

Lyse the host cell

Type of infection in which a virus embeds in DNA into the DNA of the host cell and it's replicated along with the host's cell's DNA.

Lysogenic Cycle

In the ________ viral DNA enters the nucleus of the host cell.

Lysogenic cycle

Type of infection in which a virus enters a cell, makes copies of itself and causes the cell to burst.

Lytic Cycle

Activation of the viral genes results in the __________.

Lytic cycle

______ convert the atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogean.

Nitrogean-fixing bacteria

Certian types of bacteria use ______ gas directly and convert this gas into compounds that plants can use.

Nitrogen

Some bacteria called ______ live in and on the human body.

Normal Flora

Area of prokaryotic cell containing a large circular chromosone

Nucleoid

Part of the composition of the cell walls of eubacteria

Peptidoglycan

Carry out photosynthesis in a similar manner in plants

Photoautrophs

Small circular DNA in prokaryotic cell

Plasmid

The capsid of a virus is the ____.

Protective outer coat

The ___________ forms around the nucleic acids of new viruses.

Protien coat

The __________ insruct the host cell to make viral protien capsids and viral enzymes.

Viral genes

Nonliving particle that repicates inside a living cell

Virus

Why are viruse not living things?

Viruses are not cells, and dont have a membrane


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