Biology: Virus and Bacteria Vocab
A virus that is spread through sexual contacts
AIDS
Require oxygen to grow
Aerobes
Don't require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes
The _____ of the virus enters to host's _______.
Genetic material and cytoplasm
A cell in which a virus replicates
Host
A virus attaches to the ______.
Host cell
The viral DNA integrates into a __________.
Host cell chromosone
Nervous system disease
Rabies
Where viruses attach to a host cell
Receptor cite
RNA virus that contains RNA as its genetic information.
Retrovirus
Bacteriophages infect _____.
Bacteria
Most _______ are benefitial.
Bacteria
A virus that infects bacteria
Bacteriophage
The prokaryotic chromosone replicates, and the original chromosone, and the new copy separate.
Bionary fission
The process using bacteria to clean up the environment is know as.....
Bioremdiation
How do viruses cause diease?
By destroying cells or affecting cellular processes
Outer layer of a virus made of proteins
Capsid
Do not require light for energy (non-photosynthesis)
Chemoautrophs
Three types of prokaryote
Cocci, bacilli, spirochetes
During what process do prokaryotes exchange genetic information?
Conjugation
Genetic material of a virus
DNA or RNA
Some bacteria are ______ that return vital nutrients to the environment.
Decomposers
Viral genes can remain _______ for some time.
Dormant
Dormant bacterial cell
Endospore
Resistant to harsh environments and might be able to survive extreme heat, extreme cold, dehydration, and large amounds of ultraviolent raditation.
Endospore
New viruses leave the cell by _________ or by causing the cell to lyse.
Exocytosis
Unlike lytic viruses, lysogenic viruses do not ____.
Lyse the host cell
Type of infection in which a virus embeds in DNA into the DNA of the host cell and it's replicated along with the host's cell's DNA.
Lysogenic Cycle
In the ________ viral DNA enters the nucleus of the host cell.
Lysogenic cycle
Type of infection in which a virus enters a cell, makes copies of itself and causes the cell to burst.
Lytic Cycle
Activation of the viral genes results in the __________.
Lytic cycle
______ convert the atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogean.
Nitrogean-fixing bacteria
Certian types of bacteria use ______ gas directly and convert this gas into compounds that plants can use.
Nitrogen
Some bacteria called ______ live in and on the human body.
Normal Flora
Area of prokaryotic cell containing a large circular chromosone
Nucleoid
Part of the composition of the cell walls of eubacteria
Peptidoglycan
Carry out photosynthesis in a similar manner in plants
Photoautrophs
Small circular DNA in prokaryotic cell
Plasmid
The capsid of a virus is the ____.
Protective outer coat
The ___________ forms around the nucleic acids of new viruses.
Protien coat
The __________ insruct the host cell to make viral protien capsids and viral enzymes.
Viral genes
Nonliving particle that repicates inside a living cell
Virus
Why are viruse not living things?
Viruses are not cells, and dont have a membrane
