Blood

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called A) myeloblasts. B) megakaryocytes. C) normoblasts. D) lymphoblasts. E) erythroblasts.

B) Megakaryocytes

In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated? A) a person suffering from hemolysis B) an alcoholic with a damaged liver C) iron-deficient diet D) A, B, and C E) A and B only

B) an alcoholic with a damaged liver

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are A) monocytes. B) basophils. C) lymphocytes. D) eosinophils. E) neutrophils.

B) basophils

Platelets function in all of the following except A) releasing chemicals that stimulate clotting. B) dissolving a formed clot. C) forming temporary clump in injured areas. D) contraction after clot formation. E) initiating the clotting process.

B) dissolving a formed clot

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the liver. B) excreted by the kidneys. C) excreted by the intestines. D) stored in yellow bone marrow. E) recycled to the red bone marrow.

B) excreted by the kidneys

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of A) thrombocytes. B) neutrophils. C) eosinophils. D) basophils. E) reticulocytes.

B) neutrophils

________ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation.

B) reticulocytes

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a A) temperature of approximately 38 degrees Celsius B) viscosity about the same as water C) deep red color from hemoglobin D) pH of 7.4 E) built in system for clotting

B) viscosity about the same as water

Granulocytes form in A) the spleen. B) yellow bone marrow. C) red bone marrow. D) the intestines. E) the thymus.

C I think

The average lifespan of a red blood cell is A) 1 month. B) many years. C) 4 months. D) about 1 year. E) 24 hours.

C) 4 months

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium. C) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen. D) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. E) release of heparin from the liver.

C) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. A) Thrombocytopenia B) Leukemia C) Anemia D) Polycythemia E) Leukopenia

C) anemia

White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the A) neutrophils. B) lymphocytes. C) eosinophils. D) monocytes. E) basophils.

C) eosinophils

A red blood cell that contains normal amounts of hemoglobin would be called A) hypochromic. B) normocytic. C) normochromic. D) macrocytic. E) hyperchromic.

C) normochromic

The process of lymphopoiesis goes on in all the following organs except A) the red bone marrow. B) the lymph nodes. C) the kidney. D) the spleen. E) the thymus.

C) the kidney

The process of fibrinolysis A) activates fibrinogen. B) draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together. C) dissolves clots. D) forms thrombi. E) forms emboli.

C). dissolves clots

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Coagulation

A person with type A blood has A) antigen A on the RBCs. B) anti-B agglutinins in the plasma. C) anti-A agglutinins on the red blood cells. D) A and B only E) B and C only

D) A and B only

The pus associated with infected wounds contains A) cellular debris B) dead neutrophils C) tissue fluids D) all of the above E) B and C only

D) all of the above

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the A) conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. B) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) conversion of Factor X to prothrombinase. E) activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen.

D) conversion of Factor X to prothombinase

Which of these descriptions best matches the term T lymphocytes? A) kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide B) adhere to collagen beneath endothelium C) often elevated in allergic individuals D) helper cells are one type E) produce antibodies in response to antigens

D) helper cells are one type

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

a superficial artery

All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are A) active in fighting bacterial infections. B) granular leukocytes. C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. D) important in coagulation. E) phagocytic.

D) important in coagulation

Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by A) oral doses of iron. B) injections of iron. C) blood transfusion. D) injections of vitamin B12. E) oral doses of vitamin B12.

D) injections of vitamin B12

Which of the following statements about blood is false? A) is more viscous than water B) contains buffers that control pH C) is about 55 percent plasma D) normal pH is 6.8 to 7.0 E) none of the above is false, all are true

D) normal pH is 6.8 to 7.0

Which of these descriptions best matches the term B lymphocytes? A) often elevated in allergic individuals B) helper cells are one type C) kill bacteria using hydrogen peroxide D) produce antibodies in response to antigens E) adhere to collagen beneath endothelium

D) produce antibodies in response to antigens

The function of hemoglobin is to A) carry oxygen. B) carry carbon dioxide. C) aid in the process of blood clotting. D) A, B, and C E) A and B only

E) A and B only

Platelets are stored as a reserve in case of hemorrhage in A) the splenic artery. B) the splenic vein. C) the spleen. D) other vascular organs. E) C and D only.

E) C and D only

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false? A) Red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen. B) Red cells lack mitochondria. C) Red cells can form stacks called rouleaux. D) Red cells are biconcave discs. E) Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter.

E) Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter.

Which of the following is true of basophils? A) granules contain heparin B) granules contain histamine C) constitute about 1 percent of WBCs D) attract other defense cells E) all of the above

E) all of the above

Which of the following is a function of the blood? A) transports nutrients and wastes B) transport of gases C) transport of body heat D) defense against toxins and pathogens E) all of the above

E) all the above

Hemolytic disease of a newborn may result if A) both the father and the mother are Rh negative. B) both the father and the mother are Rh positive. C) the mother is Rh positive and the father is Rh negative. D) an Rh-positive mother carries an Rh-negative fetus. E) an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus.

E) an Rh negative mother carries an Rh positive fetus

The function of red blood cells is to A) carry carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. B) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells. C) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells. D) defend the body against infectious organisms. E) both A and B

E) both A and B

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the A) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen. B) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium. C) release of heparin from the liver. D) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

E) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the A) metalloproteins B) fibrinogens C) albumins D) lipoproteins E) immunoglobins

E) immunoglobins

The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the A)concentration of water. B)concentration of glucose. C)concentration of electrolytes. D)concentration of nitrogen wastes. E)concentration of proteins.

E)concentration of proteins

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood?

45 percent

The total volume of blood in the body of a 76-kg man is approximately ________ liters.

5.3

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

erythropoietin

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by the

liver, spleen, and bone marrow

All the circulating red blood cells originate in the

red bone marrow

When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw blood sample from

the lungs

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

thrombin

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

vitamin K

The most abundant component of plasma is

water

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

whole blood

A person whose platelet count is 40,000/µl is suffering from A) thrombocytosis. B) leukocytosis. C) hemocytosis. D) thrombocytopenia. E) leukopenia.

A) thrombocytosis

The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are

Albumins

In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in A) red bone marrow. B) the liver. C) yellow bone marrow. D) lymphoid tissue. E) the spleen.

A) red bone marrow

The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as A) reticulocytes. B) band forms. C) myeloid cells. D) hemocytoblasts. E) proerythrocytes.

A) reticulocytes

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

A) their blood lacks A or B agglutinins

A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is A) fibrinogen. B) metalloprotein D. C) immunoglobulin A. D) albumin alpha. E) lipoprotein C.

A) fibrinogen

The waste product bilirubin is produced from A) heme molecules plus iron. B) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells. C) heme molecules lacking iron. D) iron found in hemoglobin molecules. E) globin chains of hemoglobin.

A) heme molecules plus iron

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is A) hemoglobin. B) albumin. C) fibrinogen. D) porphyrin. E) immunoglobulin.

A) hemoglobin

A person who has a low blood volume is said to be A) hypovolemic B) antivolemic C) normovolemic D) hypervolemic

A) hypovolemic