Blood vessels and heart
Papillary muscle
Located in ventricles: muscles attached to chordae tendineae: contract to pull chordae tendineae tight to prevent prolapsed valves.
Pericyte
On capillaries so they don't collapse
Regulation
-body temp absorbs and distributes heat -normal ph body tissues use feedback loops -maintains adequate fluid volume:avoids dehydration
Distribution
-oxygen:respiratory , digestive -metabolic wastes: respiratory and excretory -hormones: endocrine glands to target organs
Protection
-prevent blood loss: clots -prevent infection: antibodies and wbc
Blood contains how many rbc
1 million
In large vessels the speed of blood is
1 mph
The human body contains how many gallons of blood
1&1/2
How much blood is always in the lungs
1/5
Hematopoiesis
Blood cell formation in bone marrow
Blood vessels
•Arteries:(aorta is the largest artery) ascending to the brain descending to legs and torso. •Veins:(superior vena cava brings blood back from head and arms. •Capillary:very thin
The ph of blood
7.35-7.45 if it .5 either direction then it can be fatal
Blood percentage
8%
Chronic leukemia
Adults
Plasma
Albumin, protein : regulates osmotic pressure
Chordae tendineae
Attach to AV valves: assist papillary muscles in preventing prolapsed valves during ventricular contraction.
Anemia
Blood has abnormally low O2 carrying capacity.
Inferior vena cava
Brings deoxygenated blood from the abdomen and lower body to heart(right atrium)
Superior vena cava
Brings deoxygenated blood from the upper body to heart.(right atrium)
Left pulmonary arteries
Carries deoxygenated blood from pulmonary trunk to the left lung ( picks up oxygen)
Right pulmonary veins
Carries oxygenated blood from right lung to the left atrium
Left pulmonary veins
Carries oxygenated blood from the left lung to left atrium
Descending aorta
Carries oxygenated blood from the upper part of aorta to abdomen. Branches to feed all organs and lower limbs
Arteries to the head, neck, and arms
Carry oxygenated blood to the upper body-head, neck,arms. (Ascending aorta)
Polycythemia
Caused by myeloproliferation: the excessive production of rbc.
Platelets
Cell fragments
Acute leukemia
Children
Hemostasis
Clotting, stoppage of bleeding
Right atrium
First chamber to receive deoxygenated blood and pumps blood through right AV/tricuspid valve.
Neutrophils
First responders to infection
Blood travel through vessels
Heart>artery>arteriole>capillary> venule>vein>heart
Erythropoiesis
Hormonally controlled depends on iron, amino acids, and b vitamins.
Pulmonary trunk
Large blood vessel:carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to the left and right pulmonary arteries
Monocyte
Largest WBC
Aorta
Largest vessel of the body.(artery). Carries oxygenated blood from left ventricle to the body.
Rbc
Life span 100-120 days: old erythrocytes become rigid and fragile, hemoglobin begins to degenerate.
Vascular anastomoses
Merging blood vessels: provide different pathways for blood to get a specific body region.
Basophils
Migrate to damaged tissue and inhibit clotting
Left ventricle
Most muscular chamber of the heart: pumps oxygenated blood to body through left semilunar to aorta
Septum
Muscular was dividing the right and left sides of the heart
Atherosclerosis
Narrowing of arteried
Blood
Plasma and formed elements
Right semilunar/ pulmonary valve
Prevents deoxygenated blood from flowing back into right ventricle from pulmonary trunk: keeps blood flow one way
Left atrioventricular/bicuspid valve
Prevents oxygenated blood from flowing back into left atrium from left ventricle.:keeps blood one way
Left semilunar:aortic valve
Prevents oxygenated blood from flowing back into left ventricle from aorta. Keeps blood flow one way.
B-lymphocytes
Produced in bone marrow
T- lymphocytes
Produced in thymus
Formed elements
RBC, WBC, platelets
Erythrocytes
Rbc(no nucleus)
Right ventricle
Receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium: Pumps to pulmonary trunk through right semilunar/pulmonary valve to enter lungs for oxygen.
Leukopoiesis
Wbc production
Left atrium
Receiving chamber of oxygenated blood from left and right pulmonary veins: pumps blood to left ventricle through left AV: bicuspid
Eosinophils
Respond to allergic reactions and defend against parasites
Right pulmonary arteries
Takes deoxygenated blood from pulmonary trunk to right lung:(picking up oxygen)
Pacemaker
The bundle of nerve cells inside the heart that coordinate the heart beat
Left ventricle
The hearts most powerful muscle
Leukocytes
Wbc(complete they have a necleus)
If the blood vessels in our bodies were stretched out they would stretch how many miles and go around how many times?
They would stretch 100,000 miles and circle the earth 4 times
Hypoxia
Too few rbc
Undesirable blood viscosity
Too many rbc
Right atrioventricular/ tricuspid valve
Valve prevents deoxygenated blood from flowing back into right atrium from right ventricle. Keeps blood flowing one way.