Blood vessels and heart

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Papillary muscle

Located in ventricles: muscles attached to chordae tendineae: contract to pull chordae tendineae tight to prevent prolapsed valves.

Pericyte

On capillaries so they don't collapse

Regulation

-body temp absorbs and distributes heat -normal ph body tissues use feedback loops -maintains adequate fluid volume:avoids dehydration

Distribution

-oxygen:respiratory , digestive -metabolic wastes: respiratory and excretory -hormones: endocrine glands to target organs

Protection

-prevent blood loss: clots -prevent infection: antibodies and wbc

Blood contains how many rbc

1 million

In large vessels the speed of blood is

1 mph

The human body contains how many gallons of blood

1&1/2

How much blood is always in the lungs

1/5

Hematopoiesis

Blood cell formation in bone marrow

Blood vessels

•Arteries:(aorta is the largest artery) ascending to the brain descending to legs and torso. •Veins:(superior vena cava brings blood back from head and arms. •Capillary:very thin

The ph of blood

7.35-7.45 if it .5 either direction then it can be fatal

Blood percentage

8%

Chronic leukemia

Adults

Plasma

Albumin, protein : regulates osmotic pressure

Chordae tendineae

Attach to AV valves: assist papillary muscles in preventing prolapsed valves during ventricular contraction.

Anemia

Blood has abnormally low O2 carrying capacity.

Inferior vena cava

Brings deoxygenated blood from the abdomen and lower body to heart(right atrium)

Superior vena cava

Brings deoxygenated blood from the upper body to heart.(right atrium)

Left pulmonary arteries

Carries deoxygenated blood from pulmonary trunk to the left lung ( picks up oxygen)

Right pulmonary veins

Carries oxygenated blood from right lung to the left atrium

Left pulmonary veins

Carries oxygenated blood from the left lung to left atrium

Descending aorta

Carries oxygenated blood from the upper part of aorta to abdomen. Branches to feed all organs and lower limbs

Arteries to the head, neck, and arms

Carry oxygenated blood to the upper body-head, neck,arms. (Ascending aorta)

Polycythemia

Caused by myeloproliferation: the excessive production of rbc.

Platelets

Cell fragments

Acute leukemia

Children

Hemostasis

Clotting, stoppage of bleeding

Right atrium

First chamber to receive deoxygenated blood and pumps blood through right AV/tricuspid valve.

Neutrophils

First responders to infection

Blood travel through vessels

Heart>artery>arteriole>capillary> venule>vein>heart

Erythropoiesis

Hormonally controlled depends on iron, amino acids, and b vitamins.

Pulmonary trunk

Large blood vessel:carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to the left and right pulmonary arteries

Monocyte

Largest WBC

Aorta

Largest vessel of the body.(artery). Carries oxygenated blood from left ventricle to the body.

Rbc

Life span 100-120 days: old erythrocytes become rigid and fragile, hemoglobin begins to degenerate.

Vascular anastomoses

Merging blood vessels: provide different pathways for blood to get a specific body region.

Basophils

Migrate to damaged tissue and inhibit clotting

Left ventricle

Most muscular chamber of the heart: pumps oxygenated blood to body through left semilunar to aorta

Septum

Muscular was dividing the right and left sides of the heart

Atherosclerosis

Narrowing of arteried

Blood

Plasma and formed elements

Right semilunar/ pulmonary valve

Prevents deoxygenated blood from flowing back into right ventricle from pulmonary trunk: keeps blood flow one way

Left atrioventricular/bicuspid valve

Prevents oxygenated blood from flowing back into left atrium from left ventricle.:keeps blood one way

Left semilunar:aortic valve

Prevents oxygenated blood from flowing back into left ventricle from aorta. Keeps blood flow one way.

B-lymphocytes

Produced in bone marrow

T- lymphocytes

Produced in thymus

Formed elements

RBC, WBC, platelets

Erythrocytes

Rbc(no nucleus)

Right ventricle

Receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium: Pumps to pulmonary trunk through right semilunar/pulmonary valve to enter lungs for oxygen.

Leukopoiesis

Wbc production

Left atrium

Receiving chamber of oxygenated blood from left and right pulmonary veins: pumps blood to left ventricle through left AV: bicuspid

Eosinophils

Respond to allergic reactions and defend against parasites

Right pulmonary arteries

Takes deoxygenated blood from pulmonary trunk to right lung:(picking up oxygen)

Pacemaker

The bundle of nerve cells inside the heart that coordinate the heart beat

Left ventricle

The hearts most powerful muscle

Leukocytes

Wbc(complete they have a necleus)

If the blood vessels in our bodies were stretched out they would stretch how many miles and go around how many times?

They would stretch 100,000 miles and circle the earth 4 times

Hypoxia

Too few rbc

Undesirable blood viscosity

Too many rbc

Right atrioventricular/ tricuspid valve

Valve prevents deoxygenated blood from flowing back into right atrium from right ventricle. Keeps blood flowing one way.


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