BLS CPR exam questions -2

Over what age should you use 'Adult' AED pads? A. 8 years old B. 12 years old C. 18 years old D. 21 years old

A

When the patient is between 1 years old and puberty, chest compressions should be approximately 1/3 the depth of the chest. A. True B. False

A

For infants, an AED is preferred over a manual defibrillator. A. True B. False

B

The compression to ventilation ratio for one rescuer giving CPR to individuals of ANY age is: A. 30:1 B. 30:2 C. 15:1 D. 15:2

B

The five steps in the Adult Chain of Survival include all of the following EXCEPT:* A. Early CPR B. Rapid defibrillation C. Advanced airway placement D. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care

C

The pulse assessed in an adult cardiac arrest victim is called the ______ pulse? A.) Groin B.) Radial C.) Carotid D.) Tempora

C

You are alone when you encounter a patient in what appears to be cardiac or respiratory arrest. What are the first three steps you should take to stabilize the patient? Check for danger, ____________, and send for help. A. Establish IV access B. Insert an advanced airway C. Check for response D. Start CPR

C

If during a 10 second pulse check you are not sure if you feel a pulse, you should immediately resume chest compressions. A. True B. False

A

In infant CPR, chest compressions may be given with 2 fingers or with the thumbs-encircling hands technique. Mark one answer: A. True B. False

A

In infant CPR, the landmark for chest compressions is the mid chest, just below the nipple line. A. True B. False

A

In two-rescuer CPR, the providers should change roles approximately after 5 cycles (approximately every two minutes). A. True B. False

A

Infants and children become hypoxemic more quickly than adults so giving breaths early in CPR is very important. A. True B. False

A

You are the only person present when you remove a 3-year-old child from the bottom of the shallow end of a swimming pool. When should you phone 911? A. After you have given the child 1 minute of CPR (whatever steps are needed) B. As soon as you remove the child from the pool C. When you see that after several minutes of CPR there is no response D. After giving a few ventilations and before beginning chest compressions

A

A victim probably has a neck injury. What is the correct way to open the airway? A. Head tilt-chin lift B. Jaw thrust

B

At what age is it preferable to use the child AED pads? A. 8 years of age or older B. 8 years of age or younger C. 12 years of age or younger D. 18 years of age or younger

B

Choose the proper order of the Adult Chain of Survival: A.) Recognition, Call EMS, Advanced Life Support, Defibrillate, Post-Cardiac Arrest Care B.) Recognition, Early CPR, Defibrillate, Advanced Life Support, Post-Cardiac Arrest Care C.) CPR, Recognition, Call EMS, Defibrillate, Advanced Life Support D.) Recognition, Defibrillation, CPR, Call EMS, Advanced Life Support

B

Cricoid pressure should be applied to all patients to minimize the risk of aspiration. A. True B. False

B

In adults, chest compressions should be to a depth of 4 to 5 inches. A. True B. False

B

In infant CPR, the head should be hyperextended to open the airway. Mark one answer: A. True B. False

B

You assess that the patient still has a pulse, what is the next step in managing this case? A. Begin CPR B. Open airway C. Apply AED

B

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for Two-Rescuer Infant BLS? A.) 30:2 B.) 30:1 C.) 15:2 D.) 15:1

C

When do you phone the emergency response number if you are alone with an unresponsive infant? A. after 5 cycles of CPR B. after 1 cycle of CPR C. immediately D. after you give 2 breaths

C

You find an unresponsive victim without a pulse. You do not have a mask. What is the next step for an untrained lay responder? A.) Go call 911 B.) Wait until EMS arrives C.) Begin CPR and perform mouth-to-mouth D.) Use your shirt over their mouth as a barrier

C

An adult is the victim of a sudden, witnessed cardiac arrest. Which of the following would give this victim the best chance of survival from sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest? A. Immediate CPR and defibrillation within 5 minutes B. CPR performed by EMS personnel upon arrival at the victim's side C. Defibrillation in 10 minutes without CPR D. Immediate CPR with defibrillation in 10 minutes

A

If you believe there is risk of a c-spine injury, open the airway using the jaw-thrust method. A. True B. False

A

Once a patient is identified as pulseless, chest compressions should be initiated within 10 seconds. A. True B. False

A

Seeing the chest rise during ventilation is a good indication that the patient is receiving effective breaths. A. True B. False

A

The 2015 AHA guidelines for CPR recommended BLS sequence of steps are:* A. Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing B. None of the above C. Airway, Breathing, Check pulse D. Airway, Breathing, Chest compressions

A

The appropriate sequence of BLS care has been changed from A-B-C (Airway-Breathing-Chest Compressions) to C-A-B (Chest Compressions-Airway-Breathing) A. True B. False

A

The interval from collapse to defibrillation is an important determinant of the likelihood of survival. A. True B. False

A

True/False: Most rescuers describe child cardiac arrest situations as more stressful than adult cases. A.)True B.)False

A

What age is considered an infant for BLS purposes?* A. Under one year B. 2 years C. 3 years D. 4 years

A

CPR is initiated and the victim's pulse returns but he is not breathing. What ventilation rate should be used for this patient? A. 8 per minute B. 12 per minute C. 20 per minute D. Depends on his color

B

During your first attempt at rescue breathing for a child who is unresponsive and not breathing normally, you find that you cannot get air into the victim's lungs. What is the most common cause of this problem? A. The child has an advanced lung infection B. You probably did not open the airway properly C. The child has a serious airway spasm D. The child has severe narrowing of the airway due to asthma

B

In 2-rescuer CPR, where the patient is between 1 years old and puberty, the chest compression to breaths ratio is: A. 15:1 B. 15:2 C. 30:1 D. 30:2

B

In a patient with a pacemaker or AICD, the AED pads should be placed directly over the device. A. True B. False

B

Interruptions in CPR have NOT been shown to have a negative impact on survival. A. True B. False

B

Recognition, CPR, Defibrillation, Advanced Life Support, and Post Arrest Care are part of the Adult Chain of Survival. What is the rational for not including 'Ventilation'? A. Ventilation is unimportant B. The most recent AHA guidelines emphasize chest compressions of over the need for ventilation because it has a much greater effect on mortality.

B

When an advanced airway is in place, chest compressions should be withheld while a breath is being given. A. True B. False

B

You are at your neighborhood park. You see an adult collapse to his knees and then slump to the ground. You are the first person to reach the man, and no one has respond to your shouts for help. What is the first thing you should do? A. Activate the emergency response system B. Check for responsiveness C. Place the victim in the recovery position D. Give 2 slow mouth-to-mouth breaths

B

Your patient, whom you believe to be cardiac arrest, takes one gasping, agonal breath. You should withhold CPR while you assess his respiratory status. A. True B. False

B

The 5 links in the adult Chain of Survival include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Early CPR B. Rapid Defibrillation C. Use of Cardiovascular Medications D. Integrated Post-Cardiac Arrest Care

C

What does AED stand for? A. Automatic Energy Delivery B. Automated External Device C. Automated External Defibrillator D. Autonomous Energy Defibrillator

C

In an adult with an advanced airway in place during two-rescuer CPR, how often should the breaths be administered?* A. Every 2 to 3 seconds (20 to 30 breaths per minute) B. Every 4 to 5 seconds (12 to 15 breaths per minute) C. Every 6 to 8 seconds (8 to 10 breaths per minute) D. Every 10 to 12 seconds (5 to 6 breaths per minute)

C

After delivering a shock with and AED, what is the next step in caring for a person?* A. Reassess for a pulse. B. Do chest compressions only. C. Resume CPR. D. Do ventilation only.

C

Early defibrillation for adults is important because: A. it will "jump start" the heart B. atrial fibrillation is the most frequent rhythm present C. the chance of success diminishes rapidly over time D. cardioversion is the mostly effective treatment for cardiac arrest

C

How often should rescuers switch roles when performing two-rescuer CPR? A. After every cycle of CPR B. After every two cycles of CPR C. After every five cycles of CPR D. After every 10 cycles of CPR

C

A 49-year-old female suffers a witnessed cardiac arrest. She has a known cardiac history per her family. You notice a bulge in the upper left chest under the skin. There is a healed incision overlying that bulge. Which is true of AED use?* A. AED cannot be used in this person. B. You should put a magnet over the bulge before using the AED. C. You should place pads over the bulge. D. You should avoid placing pads over the bulge.

D

In both infants and children, the compression to ventilation ratio for one-rescuer CPR is: A. 15:1 B. 15:2 C. 30:1 D. 30:2

D

A 21-year-old intoxicated college student turns blue and collapses while eating a hot dog at a bar. You are concerned that this student may have choked. What is the best method to clear an obstruction from the airway?* A. Start CPR B. Abdominal thrust (Heimlich maneuver) C. Back blow/ chest thrust D. Blind finger sweep

B

In which of the following situations is moving a patient during CPR appropriate? A. The patient is lying on his stomach. B. The patient is in a burning building. C. The patient is on a soft mattress. D. The patient is an a place or position where you cannot do effective CPR. E. All of the above

E

A person with acute heart attack pain often delays phoning 911 (the EMS system). Which of the following statements provides the most accurate explanation for this behavior? A. People often deny that their symptoms might be due to a heart attack B. Symptoms of a heart attack come and go, it is best to wait for an hour to avoid a "false alarm" C. The victim can wait and ask someone in the family to provide transportation to the hospital if the signs of heart attack persist D. Transport to the hospital by ambulance takes longer than if the victim drives to the hospital

A

When the time interval between the last chest compression and the AED shock is less than 10 seconds, the shock is more likely to be effective. A. True B. False

A

You are providing rescue breathing for an unresponsive, nonbreathing child who has signs of circulation. How often should you provide rescue breaths for this child? A. Once every 3 seconds (20 breaths per minute) B. Once every 4 seconds (15 breaths per minute) C. Once every 5 seconds (12 breaths per minute) D. Once every 10 seconds (6 breaths per minute)

A

You are treating an adult choking victim. They initially can cough, but now are grasping their throat and turning blue. What is the next step? A.) Heimlich Maneuver B.) Begin CPR C.) Rescue breathing D.) Check pulse

A

The initial Basic Life Support (BLS) steps for adults are:* A. Assess the individual, give two rescue breaths, defibrillate, and start CPR B. Assess the individual, activate EMS and get AED, check pulse, and start CPR C. Check pulse, give rescue breaths, assess the individual, and defibrillate D. Assess the individual, start CPR, give two rescue breaths, and defibrillate

B

The proper steps for operating an AED are:* A. Power on the AED, attach electrode pads, shock the individual, and analyze the rhythm B. Power on the AED, attach electode pads, analyze the rhythm, clear the individual, and deliver shock C. Attach electrode pads, check pulse, shock individual, and analyze rhythm D. Check pulse, attach electrode pads, analyze rhythm, shock patient

B

Which of the following most accurately represents the chest location where you should perform compressions on an adult victim of cardiac arrest? A. Just below the neck on the top half of the breastbone B. On the left side of the chest, over the left nipple C. On the lower half of the breastbone, at the nipple line in the center of the chest D. On the very bottom of the breastbone, over the xiphoid

C

Why are ventilations delivered to a pediatric arrest person before seeking assistance in single-rescuer scenarios?* A. 911 response times are generally slow. B. The parents are often nearby. C. Most pediatric cardiac arrests are due to respiratory arrest. D. The use of an AED is contraindicated in pediatrics.

C

You are alone when you encounter a person in what appears to be cardiac or respiratory arrest. What are the first three steps you should take to stabilize the person? Check for danger, ____________, and send for help.* A. Establish IV access B. Insert an advanced airway C. Check for response D. Start CPR

C

You are providing rescue breaths with a bag and mask during 2-rescuer CPR. Why is it important to deliver the breaths slowly? A. Slow ventilations give more time for oxygen to be in contact with the blood in the lungs B. The rescuer does not become tired C. Slow ventilations reduce the risk of gastric inflation D. Slow delivery of ventilations delivers less volume at higher pressure

C

You are with an overweight 55-year-old man who has no known history of heart disease. He begins to complain of sudden, severe, "crushing" pain under his breastbone, in the center of his chest. The pain has lasted more then 5 minutes. What should you do? A. Ask him if he has heartburn; if he says he does, tell him to take an antacid B. Tell him to lie down while you call his personal physician and report the problem C. Tell him to lie down or sit quietly; then you phone 911 (or the emergency response system) immediately D. Offer to drive to the nearest Emergency Department

C

A 7-year-old child is pulled from the water after witnesses saw her sink below the surface (no trauma). You find that she is unresponsive. You send someone to phone 911 for help. What should you do next? A. Perform abdominal thrusts to drain water from the lungs B. Give 5 back blow; then do a finger sweep of the mouth C. Find the proper hand position and begin chest compressions with the heel of one hand D. Open the airway with the head tilt-chin lift maneuver and look-listen-feel for normal breathing; if there is no normal breathing, give 2 rescue breaths

D

An AED can be used safely in all of the following situations EXCEPT: A. Victim lying in the snow B. Victim with an implanted pacemaker C. Victim with a transdermal medication patch on D. Victim lying partially in water

D

Efforts to relieve choking should be stopped when: A. The obstruction is removed B. The victim becomes unresponsive C. The victim begins breathing normally D. Any of the above occurs

D

You attempt to deliver a breath through a mask but it does not go in. What is the next step? A.) Hyperextend the neck B.) Blow harder C.) Discard mask and use mouth-to-mouth D.) Reposition the airway

D

The best way to allow the chest to recoil after each chest compression is to: A. keep the chest pressed down about 1/2 inch between compressions B. completely remove your hands from the chest after each chest compressions C. keep the chest slightly compressed at all times D. take your weight off your hands so the chest returns to its normal position

D

The critical characteristics of high-quality CPR include which of the following?* A. Starting chest compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of cardiac arrest B. Pushing hard and fast C. Minimizing interruptions D. All of the above

D

Where should you attempt to perform a pulse check in a child who is anywhere from one year to puberty?* A. Brachial artery B. Ulnar artery C. Temporal artery D. Carotid or femoral artery

D

Which of the following are signs of airway obstruction?* A. Poor air exchange B. High-pitched noise while inhaling C. Inability to speak D. All of the above

D

Which of the following describes the proper sequences of BLS? A.) Pulse check, rescue breath, compression B.) Airway, breathing, compression C.) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 D.) C - A - B

D

Which of the following is NOT a component of high quality CPR? A. At least 100 chest compressions/minute B. Minimal interruptions in CPR C. Allowing complete recoil of the chest D. All are components of high quality CPR

D

Which of the following statements best describes the benefit of rescue breathing? A. Rescue breathing will help overcome any airway obstruction that may be blocking the airway B. Rescue breathing will maintain completely normal oxygenation for the victim C. Rescue breathing might defibrillate the heart D. Rescue breathing is an effective way to provide oxygen to the victim

D