BMS 251- Blood Pressure and Blood Vessels Part #1
describe the relationship between blood flow and pressure differences in an individual blood vessel
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mean arterial pressure formulas
DBP+ pulse pressure / 3 TPR x CO
how is blood pressure measured in humans
a blood pressure cuff, cuff is squeezed to the highest possible pressure, then slowly let go in increments until fully relaxed. take blood pressure at highest squeeze, then take it once relaxed
what are the differences of the three layers of a blood vessel in veins and arteries
artery have a very thick tunica media
explain the relationship between resistance and blood flow
as resistance increases blood flow decreases with resistance, it is harder for blood to flow through, making blood flow decrease
explain the relationship between blood pressure and resistance
as resistance increases, blood pressure increases with more resistance, there is a higher blood pressure because there is more blood needed
mean arterial pressure
average pressure blood puts on the arteries
cardiac output formula
heart rate x stroke volume
viscosity
how thick a solution is, causing it to have resistance when things try to go through it
which blood vessel is typically used to draw blood
median cubital vein
what is the unit used for BP
mmHg
tunica externa
outermost layer
pulse pressure
pressure from resting to contracting, extra pressure in the arteries.
SBP: 120 mmHg DBP: 70 mmHg whats the pulse pressure and whats the mean arterial pressure
pulse pressure: 50 mean arterial pressure: 86.66
tunica media
smooth muscle, middle layer
identify average blood pressure
systolic less than 120, diastolic less than 80
pulse pressure formula
systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
identify the source of heart sounds heard with a stethoscope (address ventricular pressure with explanation)
the heart makes a lub, dub sound. the sounds come from valves closing. the lub is the AV valves closing, the dub is the SV closing. the valves open and close due to pressure changes in the atria and ventricles.
explain the relationship between blood pressure and blood flow
the higher the blood pressure, the increased the blood flow if there is a higher blood pressure, there is more flood flowing
tunica intima
the innermost layer of a blood vessel
systolic blood pressure
the pressure on arteries from the blood when ventricles are contracted
blood pressure
the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels
what are the three layers of a blood vessel wall
tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa
what distinuighes an artery from a vein on a histological image
veins have an open space, arteries have a thicker tunica media
resistance
when blood is moved and it experiences friction
describe the source of korotkoff sounds
when blood pressure resistance increases, cuff makes it so the vessel is very small in diameter, they are created by blood flow through the compressed artery.
diastolic blood pressure
while ventricles are relaxed, the pressure put on arteries by blood is measured
which blood vessel is typically used when taking a pulse reading at the wrist and at the neck
wrist: radial artery neck: carotid artery
